Gafchromic EBT3 film dosimetry in electron beams — energy dependence and improved film read‐out

Sipilä, P; Ojala, Jarkko; Kaijaluoto, Sampsa; Jokelainen, I.; Kosunen, A

doi:10.1120/jacmp.v17i1.5970

Cited by 66 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Keakuratan dosimetri dalam verifikasi berkas elektron dan foton merupakan salah satu aspek yang perlu dikembangkan terkait dengan keberhasilan metode radioterapi [5]. Dosimeter yang biasa digunakan dalam pengukuran dosis berkas elektron menurut rekomendasi American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TG 25 adalah bilik ionisasi, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD), dioda dan film radiochromic [6].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Melakukan pemindaian film setelah 72 jam yang merujuk pada penelitian Borca, 2013 menggunakan Epson Perfection V700 dengan memvariasikan ukuran region of interest ROI [8].Format yang digunakan yaitu resolusi 72 dpi, 48 bit, dan disimpan dalam format TIFF [5].…”

Section: Digitalisasi Film Ebt3unclassified

“…(1) dengan merupakan pixel value film tanpa disinar, dan merupakan pixel value film setelah disinar dengan energi foton maupun elektron [5]. Penelitian ini melakukan irradiasi film EBT3 menggunakan berkas energi foton 6 dan 10 MV serta berkas elektron 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 dan 18 MeV pada linac Synergy Platform di rumah sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta.…”

Section: Analisis Respon Film Ebt3unclassified

“…Hal ini karena puncak spektra film EBT3 berada dalam rentang 630-700 nm, sehingga hasil pemindaian paling optimal didapatkan dengan Red channel, sedangkan Blue channelmemiliki nilai yang paling rendah. Hal ini mengindifikasi bahwaBlue channelterjadi efek pertubansi yang meningkatkan noise pada film digital sehingga tidak cocok sebagai parameter dalam menentukan pengaruh respon dosis, hasil ini sesuai dengan penelitian Sipilä (2016) [5], [15]. Dalam upaya mengatahui karakteristik film EBT3, dilakukan beberapa perlakuaan ketika pemindaian dengan menggunakan scanner Epson V700.…”

Section: Dosis Serap Pada Setiap Channelunclassified

“…Nilai piksel meningkat ketika hari ke 5 setelah itu mengalami penurunan sampai hari ke 11. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Sipilä (2016), nilai piksel paling tinggi yaitu pada hari ke 4. Perbedaan ini dimungkinkan karena pemindaian yang berulang pada film EBT3 dan juga penggunaan scanner yang berbeda pula [5].…”

Section: Dosis Serap Pada Setiap Channelunclassified

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Karakteristik Dosimetri Film Gafchromic Ebt3 Pada Berkas Elektron Dan Foton

Ulya

Wibowo²,

Nuruddin³

et al. 2016

SPEKTRA

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AbstrakElektron energi tinggi bermanfaat dalam radioterapi target permukaan dapat pula digunakan sebagai eskalasi dosis sumber berkas foton. Dalam jaminan kualitas radioterapi membutuhkan dosimeteryang akurat, respon yang baik terhadapdosis dan energi, resolusi spasial tinggi serta ekuivalen dengan jaringan. Berdasarkan rekomendasi AAPM TG 55, film merupakan dosimeter utama dalam pengukuran sumber radioterapi. Saat ini, film dosimetri yang sering digunakan dalam keperluan pengukuran salah satunya yaitu film gafchromic EBT3, namun penelitian mengenai karakteristik dan respon dosis pada film gafchromic EBT3 masih terbatas. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dosimetri film EBT3 pada berkas elektron dan foton. Film EBT3 diradiasi pada lapangan 10×10cm 2 menggunakan berkas foton, elektron dan Cobalt-60 dengan rentang dosis (0-500 cGy). Scanner Epson V700 digunakan untuk pemindaian film dalam evaluasi pixel value. NetOD digunakan sebagai parameter untuk menganalisis karakteristik film EBT3. Nilai uncertainty pengaruh energi berada dalam rentang ±1.95% yang menunjukkan bahwa film EBT3 memiliki kebergantungan energi realtif kecil. Pemilihan channelscanner menunjukkan bahwa sensitifitas scannerpaling tinggi adalahRed channel.Pixel value dipengaruhi oleh rotasi film namun tidak oleh orientasi flipped. Pada penelitian ini, rotasi optimum dalam pemindaian film adalah posisi landscape. Kata kunci : dosimetri, film, netOD, uncertainty AbstractHigh energy electron used to treatment radiotherapy superficial target and dose booster photon beam. Quality assurance in radiotherapy required dosimeter which high spatial resolution, good response of doseand energy,and tissue equivalent. Based on the recommendation of AAPM TG 55, the film is primarily dosimeter measurement radiotherapy sources. Recently, film dosimetry usually used in the measurement which one is EBT3 film, however, research about the characteristic and dose response of EBT3 filmare limited. In this study, film EBT3 response on doses and energies variation using electron and photon beams is investigated. Gafchromic EBT3 film was irradiated using electron and photon also cobalt-60 beam energies. In each energy was given 0 -500 cGy doses. Film scanning post-irradiation over a period of 72 hours using EPSON V700 and ImageJ were used to film evaluate. NetOD as the parameter to the analysis of EBT3 film characteristics. Uncertainty was required in the range of ±1.95%. Dose responses of the EBT3 film have small energy dependence..Flipped orientation not dependence on the pixel value but rotation orientation dependence for pixel value in EBT3. From this research, we recommended landscape orientation in EBT3 film scanning.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Section: Digitalisasi Film Ebt3unclassified

Section: Analisis Respon Film Ebt3unclassified

Section: Dosis Serap Pada Setiap Channelunclassified

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Karakteristik Dosimetri Film Gafchromic Ebt3 Pada Berkas Elektron Dan Foton

Ulya

Wibowo²,

Nuruddin³

et al. 2016

SPEKTRA

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A method for time‐independent film dosimetry: Can we obtain accurate patient‐specific QA results at any time postirradiation?

Dunn

Godwin

Hellyer

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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Aim The aim of this work was twofold. (1) To investigate and present a comparison between EBT3 and EBT‐XD in terms of postirradiation color changes. (2) Create an automated workflow to allow radiochromic film (EBT3/XD) to be scanned and converted to dose accurately at any postirradiation time. Materials and Methods Ten GafChromic EBT‐XD calibration films were exposed in 2 Gy increments up to 18 Gy. Calibrates were then scanned at 5‐min intervals postirradiation over 24 h using an AutoHotKey script, resulting in 288 TIFF images. Following the 24‐h scanning period, a MATLAB script was used to automatically read the tiff images and create a series of 288 calibration curves distinct in time which is termed as the “Temporal Calibration Model” (TCM). The model is saved as a series of polynomial fit coefficients to net optical density as a function of dose, timestamped in 5‐min increments. Ten patient‐specific film measurements (5 × EBT‐XD and 5 × EBT3) were then carried out and scanned using the same 5‐min scan intervals from 5 min postirradiation to 24 h postirradiation. The TCM was then automatically applied using eFilmQA software to convert the patient‐specific QA films to dose by applying the relevant calibration curve from the TCM, corresponding to the arbitrary postirradiation time that the film was scanned. Each dose plane at postirradiation scan intervals of 5 min up to 20 h was then compared to the ground‐truth dose plane using gamma analysis. Results Gamma pass rates using the TCM at time t, normalized to the pass rate after 20 h postirradiation, were found to have a maximum coefficient of variation of 3% over any postirradiation time. Conversely, not using the TCM resulted in coefficients of variation of up to 39%. Clinical implementation of this method showed an average accuracy of 2.8% when comparing the clinical result to the TCM result. Conclusions We have developed a methodology that allows radiochromic film to be accurately used as a dosimeter at any arbitrary scan postirradiation time, whereas previously, waiting periods of 16–24 h before readout were needed to ensure the postirradiation changes had stabilized. The creation of a TCM can enable results from radiochromic film measurements to be obtained quickly postirradiation. Using a conventional single calibration curve generated at 20 h postirradiation can result in gamma pass‐rate difference of up to 75% for measurement films scanned at a much shorter postirradiation time.

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Feasibility of determining external beam radiotherapy dose using LuSy dosimeter

Wahabi,

Wong,

Mahdiraji

et al. 2024

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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IntroductionRadiation dose measurement is an essential part of radiotherapy to verify the correct delivery of doses to patients and ensure patient safety. Recent advancements in radiotherapy technology have highlighted the need for fast and precise dosimeters. Technologies like FLASH radiotherapy and magnetic‐resonance linear accelerators (MR‐LINAC) demand dosimeters that can meet their unique requirements. One promising solution is the plastic scintillator‐based dosimeter with high spatial resolution and real‐time dose output. This study explores the feasibility of using the LuSy dosimeter, an in‐house developed plastic scintillator dosimeter for dose verification across various radiotherapy techniques, including conformal radiotherapy (CRT), intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).Materials and methodsA new dosimetry system, comprising a new plastic scintillator as the sensing material, was developed and characterized for radiotherapy beams. Treatment plans were created for conformal radiotherapy, IMRT, VMAT, and SRS and delivered to a phantom. LuSy dosimeter was used to measure the delivered dose for each plan on the surface of the phantom and inside the target volumes. Then, LuSy measurements were compared against an ionization chamber, MOSFET dosimeter, radiochromic films, and dose calculated using the treatment planning system (TPS).ResultsFor CRT, surface dose measurement by LuSy dosimeter showed a deviation of ‐5.5% and ‐5.4% for breast and abdomen treatment from the TPS, respectively. When measuring inside the target volume for IMRT, VMAT, and SRS, the LuSy dosimeter produced a mean deviation of ‐3.0% from the TPS. Surface dose measurement resulted in higher TPS discrepancies where the deviations for IMRT, VMAT, and SRS were ‐2.0%, ‐19.5%, and 16.1%, respectively.ConclusionThe LuSy dosimeter was feasible for measuring radiotherapy doses for various treatment techniques. Treatment delivery verification enables early error detection, allowing for safe treatment delivery for radiotherapy patients.

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Gafchromic EBT3 film dosimetry in electron beams — energy dependence and improved film read‐out

Cited by 66 publications

References 32 publications

Karakteristik Dosimetri Film Gafchromic Ebt3 Pada Berkas Elektron Dan Foton

Karakteristik Dosimetri Film Gafchromic Ebt3 Pada Berkas Elektron Dan Foton

A method for time‐independent film dosimetry: Can we obtain accurate patient‐specific QA results at any time postirradiation?

Feasibility of determining external beam radiotherapy dose using LuSy dosimeter

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