Gain and Radiation Pattern Enhancement of the H-Plane Horn Antenna Using a Tapered Dielectric Lens

Abstract

The design of a high-gain and low-profile H -plane horn antenna embedded into a large metallic platform is proposed. The antenna is composed of three parts: coaxial-to-ridged transition, wideband H -plane antenna, and dielectric lens. The coaxial-to-ridged transition makes an efficient conversion from TEM modes in a coaxial probe to the fundamental TE 10 mode in a ridged horn, and by choosing the ratio between horn aperture and length and suppressing the TE higher mode, the optimal design of the H -plane horn antenna can be obtained. Then, a tapered dielectric lens is located in the end-fire direction, which converts the TE wave into the leaky-wave mode, enhancing the peak gain. A prototype of the proposed antenna is finally fabricated and tested. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones, which show that the proposed antenna has a very wide bandwidth from 2.5 to 20 GHz for the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2.5 and exhibits a low thickness of only 8 mm (0.066λ L , λ L is the free-space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency). Good radiation pattern and high gain can be achieved over a wide frequency band.INDEX TERMS End-fire antenna, horn antenna, tapered dielectric lens, wideband, high gain.

Study of the radiation pattern of a rectangular horn antenna in the operation of multimode propagation of electromagnetic waves

“…Fig. 2-5 show the normalized total amplitude radiation patterns of a horn antenna in the plane H for a wavelength of 24.5 mm, calculated using relations (3) and (5).…”

Design of Low Profile and Wideband End-Fire Antenna Using Metasurface

“…Compared with the endfire surface wave antenna [7] which has a broad bandwidth, the proposed antenna shows higher peak gain and smaller longitudinal dimension. Compared with the H-plane endfire antenna [9], the proposed antenna has same antenna height, but longitudinal dimension more than two times less than that of the H-plane endfire antenna. The design in [10] has a smaller bandwidth and larger longitudinal dimension though it shows slightly lower profile than our antenna.…”

“…H-plane horn antenna is another typical design to meet the requirements of low-profile, vertical polarization and wideband end-fire radiation, and is initially showed in [8]. To enhance the peak gain of the H-plane antenna, a dielectric lens with a linearly tapered profile is formed by elongating the supporting substrate beyond the aperture of the H-plane horn antenna [9]. Recently, slot antenna also drawn large attention in designing the endfire antenna mounted on a large metal platform, such as, a planar log-periodic cavity-backed slot array [10], microstrip-fed cavity-backed slot [11].…”

Ultrawideband 3‐D printed aperture‐shared conformal dual‐horn antenna

“…Various types of conformal ultrawideband (UWB) antennas have been studied in the literature, including the Vivaldi antenna, 1 the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn antenna, 2,3 and the H-plane horn antenna. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Compared with the conformal log-periodic monopole antenna and the conformal TEM horn antenna, the conformal H-plane horn antenna has a smoother surface, making it more suitable for conformal applications with an accessible aerodynamic structure. However, the H-plane horn antenna has a limited impedance bandwidth due to the cut-off frequency of the waveguide and high-order modes.…”

“…In this way, a 32:1 bandwidth is realized, which is obviously beyond the other similar works by Zhao and colleagues. [4][5][6][7][8] In this hypothetical scenario, the conformal antenna is used to receive energy, so a voltage standing wave rate (VSWR) of less than 3 (|S 11 |< −5 dB) is required, which is more relaxed compared to transmit antennas. All simulation results are calculated by commercial software, namely CST Studio Suite and ANSYS EM Suite.…”