A pulsed 4.3 pm CO2 laser is used to optically pump mixtures of CO, and He, and create transient gain at 9 and 10 pm. A conventional CW COz laser operating on both regular and sequence bands measures this transient gain, and thus determines the v3 mode vibrational temperature T3. The measured values of T3 are generally much higher than those attained in discharge-excited COz. It is shown that a Treanor distribution must be used to describe the populations in the vj mode when dilute mixtures of COz in He are optically pumped to vg mode temperatures of 3000 to 4000 K. Under these conditions the sequence band gain coefficients are almost equal to those on the regular bands. The collisional relaxation of energy from the v3 mode shows evidence of fast V-Trelaxation at high values of T3, followed by a slower relaxation rate characteristic of the 00'1 population lifetime.In mixtures with high CO2 content, we measure 10 pn gain coefficients as large as 20 percent/cm on the regular bands and 5 percent/cm on the sequence bands. The high values of gain coefficient and T3 observed in the optically pumped system are attributed to the absence of electron de-excitation mechanisms which limit the excitation of the v3 mode in discharge-excited CO2.