Gain-loss framing in interdependent choice

Fiedler, Susann; Hillenbrand, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.geb.2020.02.008

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…An explanation for this can be the gain-loss framing. The pandemic with its threats and boundaries frames the situation for the high-SES students more as a loss than for the low-SES students who might experience losing less or even have a sense of gain ( Bono et al, 2020 ; Fiedler and Hillenbrand, 2020 ). Thus, regarding the new boundaries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, gratitude and spirituality support coping with handling previous activities differently and contribute to good mental health in such a limiting situation.…”

Section: Mature Gratitude and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on Mature Gratitude as a Way of Coping With COVID-19

Jans-Beken¹

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Aim and MethodsThis perspective presents evidence of mature gratitude as a way of coping with the threats and boundaries of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This narrative, non-systematic review will be based on studies from the COVID-19 period in association with more general literature on the characteristics of mature gratitude related to good mental health.ResultsThe results from the literature suggest that a confrontation with our existential vulnerability during a pandemic is not only a crisis but also an opportunity to view our lives in a different way. Mature gratitude, as proposed in this perspective, can help us in coping with the threats and boundaries that are part of our lives due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This time of crisis gives us the opportunity to self-reflect on our current life and plans for the future and to reframe them through a positive lens which can encourage individuals to actively strengthen their psychological resilience and coping skills.ConclusionCultivating an attitude of mature gratitude through actions of kindness, expressing being thankful for life and God, and enjoying all the small things in life helps in coping with the current threats of COVID-19 and building lifelong resilience for the future. Knowledge about these associations can help psychologists, counselors, and coaches to support people who experience psychological issues due to the current pandemic and all crises to come.

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Section: Mature Gratitude and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Perspective on Mature Gratitude as a Way of Coping With COVID-19

Jans-Beken¹

2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…Human decision-making is more self-centred when concerned with minimizing losses rather than maximizing gains [72,73]. Because defence is concerned with preventing losses and must adapt to the aggression levels of attackers [42][43][44][45][46], pro-and anti-social preferences should modulate investment in attack more than in defence.…”

Section: Neurocognitive Mechanisms Of Attack and Defencementioning

confidence: 99%

Political games of attack and defence

Dreu

Pliskin

Rojek-Giffin

et al. 2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Political conflicts often revolve around changing versus defending a status quo . We propose to capture the dynamics between proponents and opponents of political change in terms of an asymmetric game of attack and defence with its equilibrium in mixed strategies. Formal analyses generate predictions about effort expended on revising and protecting the status quo , the form and function of false signalling and cheap talk, how power differences impact conflict intensity and the likelihood of status quo revision. Laboratory experiments on the neurocognitive and hormonal foundations of attack and defence reveal that out-of-equilibrium investments in attack emerge because of non-selfish preferences, limited capacity to compute costs and benefits and optimistic beliefs about the chances of winning from one's rival. We conclude with implications for the likelihood of political change and inertia, and discuss the role of ideology in political games of attack and defence. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The political brain: neurocognitive and computational mechanisms’.

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“…Our first objective is to test the predictions of SHH in P and M dilemmas and compare these with alternative predictions based on SCA. Drawing on previous literature 30 , 52 – 55 , we conjectured that contributions to the public good (labelled C: contributions in P or what is not withdrawn in M) will be higher in P than in M (H 1 : C P > C M ). SHH predicts 16 that intuitive decisions will be more cooperative than deliberated decisions (H 2 : C TP > C TD ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Contextualised strong reciprocity explains selfless cooperation despite selfish intuitions and weak social heuristics

İşler

Gächter

Maule

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Humans frequently cooperate for collective benefit, even in one-shot social dilemmas. This provides a challenge for theories of cooperation. Two views focus on intuitions but offer conflicting explanations. The Social Heuristics Hypothesis argues that people with selfish preferences rely on cooperative intuitions and predicts that deliberation reduces cooperation. The Self-Control Account emphasizes control over selfish intuitions and is consistent with strong reciprocity—a preference for conditional cooperation in one-shot dilemmas. Here, we reconcile these explanations with each other as well as with strong reciprocity. We study one-shot cooperation across two main dilemma contexts, provision and maintenance, and show that cooperation is higher in provision than maintenance. Using time-limit manipulations, we experimentally study the cognitive processes underlying this robust result. Supporting the Self-Control Account, people are intuitively selfish in maintenance, with deliberation increasing cooperation. In contrast, consistent with the Social Heuristics Hypothesis, deliberation tends to increase the likelihood of free-riding in provision. Contextual differences between maintenance and provision are observed across additional measures: reaction time patterns of cooperation; social dilemma understanding; perceptions of social appropriateness; beliefs about others’ cooperation; and cooperation preferences. Despite these dilemma-specific asymmetries, we show that preferences, coupled with beliefs, successfully predict the high levels of cooperation in both maintenance and provision dilemmas. While the effects of intuitions are context-dependent and small, the widespread preference for strong reciprocity is the primary driver of one-shot cooperation. We advance the Contextualised Strong Reciprocity account as a unifying framework and consider its implications for research and policy.

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Gain-loss framing in interdependent choice

Cited by 28 publications

References 83 publications

A Perspective on Mature Gratitude as a Way of Coping With COVID-19

A Perspective on Mature Gratitude as a Way of Coping With COVID-19

Political games of attack and defence

Contextualised strong reciprocity explains selfless cooperation despite selfish intuitions and weak social heuristics

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