Gain optimization of fiber optical parametric amplifier based on genetic algorithm with pump depletion

Abstract

A method to optimize the gain of a fiber optical parametric amplifier (FOPA) is presented by using a genetic algorithm (GA), which can determine the parameters of FOPA and avoid the trouble of trial and error to achieve it. The effect of pump depletion on the gain characteristic of the FOPA is emphasized, and the effects of the fiber length, the wavelength, and the power of two pumps on bandwidth, flatness, and magnitude of the gain spectrum are also studied. According to the presentation, fiber length and the wavelength of the two pumps are selected to be the variable parameters in the GA. When the parameters of the fiber are determined, with the numerical simulation, the optimum combination scheme between those chosen variables could be obtained by the algorithms with the result of the gain optimization of FOPA.

Optimized design of six-wave fiber optical parametric amplifiers by using a genetic algorithm

“…Firstly, based on the optimized parameters used in Ref. [19] researched by us, the optimized gain property can be seen from the solid black curve in Fig. 3 (a), which have a good gain for the four wave FOPA, but unfortunately, the bad gain characteristics was gained by using the same previous parameters in the six-wave FOPA system, as shown in the dotted blue curve in Fig.…”

“…Furthermore, the GA is a kind of multivariate stochastic optimization algorithm based on natural selection and genetic evolution [22]. It has been proved to be an effective advanced optimization algorithm, which has been applied to the FOPA based on four wave mixing [18,19]. In this work, by using the GA, we consider optimizing the peak gain, bandwidth and gain flatness, where the fiber length, the wavelength and power of two pumps are chosen as the operating variables, while the other parameters, such as the nonlinearity coefficient, and the second-order and forth-order dispersion, are usually defined for a given HNLF [17,21].…”

“…So far, the gain properties of FOPA have been intensely researched and many techniques have been done to increase the gain of the FOPA [11][12][13], or improve the bandwidthutilization efficiency [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Examples include inserting the dispersion compensating fibers to compensate the high nonlinear fibers(HNLFs) dispersion [11], adopting the cascade of phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating between two HNLFs [12], using a suitable length of standard single-mode fiber inserted between two HNLFs to reach phase matching [13], and so on.…”

“…Examples include inserting the dispersion compensating fibers to compensate the high nonlinear fibers(HNLFs) dispersion [11], adopting the cascade of phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating between two HNLFs [12], using a suitable length of standard single-mode fiber inserted between two HNLFs to reach phase matching [13], and so on. In addition, the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the FOPA [18,19]. Compared with the one-pump architecture, the two-pump FOPA can offer a flatter and broader gain spectrum, which makes the two-pump FOPA more attractive for optical communication applications.…”

“…For the high frequent appearance of the six-wave FOPA in practice, recently, some studies of the six-wave FOPA have been done [6,15,17,21], however, the gain property did not have good quality compared with the four-wave FOPA, because the more waves interaction could not lead to the better gain spectrum. In this paper, we focus on optimizing the gain characteristics of the six-wave FOPA by using the GA under the condition of the pump depletion, since in order to achieve the higher signal gain, the pump depletion should be considered [19]. Consequently the flatter and broader gain of six-wave FOPA is obtained.…”