Gait Analysis in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Living in a Residential Facility

Abstract

Gait analysis was found to be feasible in people with intellectual disability. Overall, the present authors recommend performing two trials and to calculate the means of gait parameters over these two trials to gain stable values.

Gait Characteristics of Adults With Intellectual Disability

“…When comparing the gait characteristics found in this study to the few (step length, stride length, velocity and cadence) studied in previous studies regarding adults with ID without DS, we see that step length (Chiba et al, 2009;Haynes & Lockhart, 2012), stride length (Salb et al, 2015), velocity (Chiba et al, 2009;Haynes & Lockhart, 2012;Salb et al, 2015), and cadence (Salb et al, 2015) of our sample was higher than in these other studies. The study samples of these studies differed from ours, which may explain some of the differences.…”

“…The study samples of these studies differed from ours, which may explain some of the differences. The studies of Haynes & Lockhart (2012) and Chiba et al (2009) included mostly adults with severe and profound ID, and the study sample of Salb et al (2015) was on average older (59.59 SD 16.71 years) than our sample. However, because these studies only measured a few gait variables and we were therefore only able to compare only these few gait variables, and study samples were rather small, it is too early to draw firm conclusions.…”

“…Chiba et al (2009) and Haynes & Lockhart (2012) found that adults with ID had lower values for gait speed and step length than the general population (Chiba et al, 2009;Haynes & Lockhart, 2012). Salb et al (2015) also found lower values for gait speed, step length and cadence in adults with ID compared to reference values of the general population (Salb et al, 2015). However, Sparrow et al (1998) found higher values for gait speed and cadence, and lower values for stride length and duration in adults with ID in comparison to the general population.…”

Clinical usefulness and challenges of instrumented motion analysis in patients with intellectual disabilities

“…Twelve studies had a case-control design [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], four were cross-sectional studies [31][32][33][34], two were cohort studies [35,36] and two were randomized controlled trials [37,38].…”

“…Three studies combined various etiologies such as Down syndrome with other unknown syndromes [37,38] or Down syndrome with autism spectrum disorder and pervasive developmental disorders [26]. In five remaining studies, the etiology of the ID was not specified [30][31][32][33][34]. Twelve studies provided information on the level of ID (Table 2).…”