Gait analysis of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed subjects with a combined tendon obtained from hamstring and peroneus longus

Knee kinematics and joint moments during gait following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In individuals who were 6–12 months after ACLR, we found limited evidence from pooled data of smaller knee flexion moments (−1.29, −2.45 to −0.12; I 2 =93%, p<0.0001) from five studies (three moderate- and two low- quality),24–26 30 35 and moderate evidence of smaller knee extension moments (−0.48, −0.93 to −0.03; I 2 =0%, p=0.93) from three studies (two moderate- and one low-quality)25 30 35 (figure 3). In individuals 1–3 years post-ACLR, moderate evidence of lower peak knee flexion moment (−0.27, −0.53 to −0.01; I 2 =0%, p=0.98) was evident from pooling data from one high-quality, two moderate-quality, and one low-quality study,26 27 32 35 and lower peak knee extension moment (−0.55, −0.93 to −0.16; I 2 =0%, p=0.54) from pooling data from two moderate-quality studies 32 35.…”

“…Pooled data from four studies (one low-, two moderate- and one high-quality) found no between-limb difference in those who were 6–12 months after ACLR (−0.27, −0.60 to 0.06; I 2 =0%, p=0.74);25 30 35 37 four studies (three moderate- and one high- quality) in people 1–3 years post-ACLR (−0.18, −0.53 to 0.16; I 2 =21%, p=0.29);27 32 35 42 and three studies (one low-, one moderate- and one high-quality) ≥3 years post-ACLR (−0.09, −0.51 to 0.32; I 2 =0%, p=0.55)25 34 41 (figure 5). …”

“…In individuals who were 6–12 months post-ACLR, there was moderate evidence from pooled data from three studies (two low- and one high-quality) for smaller peak knee flexion moment than controls (−0.76, −1.40 to −0.12; I 2 =52%, p=0.12),18 30 31 and limited evidence from two studies (one low- and one high-quality) for no difference in peak knee extension moment (−2.25, −7.00 to 2.50; I 2 =98%, p<0.0001) 18 30. In individuals 1–3 years after ACLR, pooled data from two moderate-quality studies provided moderate evidence of no difference in peak knee flexion moment (−0.24, −0.58 to 0.10; I 2 =0%, p=0.52),32 33 while very limited evidence of no difference in peak knee extension moment (−0.40, −0.82 to 0.02) was provided by one moderate-quality study 32.…”

“…In people who were 6–12 months after ACLR, pooled data from two studies (one low-quality, one high-quality) provided moderate evidence of no difference in peak knee adduction moment (−0.61, −2.71 to 1.49; I 2 =94%, p<0.0001)30 37 (table 5 and figure 4). One to 3 years post-ACLR, data from a single moderate-quality study provided very limited evidence of no difference in peak knee adduction moment (−0.39, 95% −0.81 to 0.03) 32.…”

“…In individuals who were 6–12 months post-ACLR, data from a single study of low-quality provided very limited evidence of no differences in peak knee external rotation moment (20% of stance) (0.00, −0.72 to 0.72) and peak knee internal rotation moment (80% of stance) (0.39, −0.33 to 1.12) between ACLR and control participants30 (table 7 and figure 6). In those who were 1–3 years after ACLR, a single moderate-quality study provided very limited evidence of significantly lower peak knee external rotation moment at 25% of stance (−0.66, −1.09 to −0.24), but no difference in peak knee internal rotation moment at 75% of stance phase (−0.17, −0.58 to 0.25)32 (figure 6).…”