Gait Characteristics Based on Shoe-Type Inertial Measurement Units in Healthy Young Adults during Treadmill Walking

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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This study investigates the gait characteristics of elderly women, aged more than 65 years, with subthreshold insomnia stage at various walking speeds. A total of 392 participants (insomnia: 202 and controls: 190) wearing shoe-type inertial measurement units completed walking tests on a treadmill for a duration of 1 min at slower, preferred, and faster speeds. The insomnia group indicated lower pace parameters (range of Cohen’s d: 0.283–0.499) and the single support phase (Cohen’s d: 0.237), greater gait variability (range of Cohen’s d: 0.217–0.506), and bilateral coordination (range of Cohen’s d: 0.254–0.319), compared with their age-matched controls; the coefficient of variance (CV) of the stance phase at the faster speed condition was a crucial variable for distinguishing between insomnia and control groups. In addition, the insomnia group demonstrated insufficient gait adaptation at the slower and preferred speeds, as indicated by the CVs of the stride length, stride time, and step time. In particular, participants with worsened insomnia symptoms or sleep problems showed that these worse gait patterns may increase the potential risk of falling in elderly women. Thus, elderly women with subthreshold insomnia stage need to improve their sleep quality to enhance their physical functions.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the treadmill walking test, the participants were asked to walk to maintain a stable walking pattern for each speed condition on the treadmill for about 30–60 s at the onset of the treadmill walking. An operator collected the treadmill walking data at 100 Hz (1-min periods) when a participant attained a stable walking pattern [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Gait Variability and Gait-Ability Decline in Elderly Women with Subthreshold Insomnia Stage

Lee

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Some previous studies have reported that treadmill gait exhibits similar patterns to over-ground gait [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Therefore, multiple continuous steps of gait analysis for healthy people with treadmill experience may provide reliable and objective data [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Gait Variability in the Elderly While Walking on a Treadmill with Gait Speed Variation

Kim

Park

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Gait variability (GV), which is a variable for predicting mobility issues and risk of falling in elderly people, is defined as the fluctuation in spatiotemporal characteristics from one step to the next in walking. The goal of this study was to analyze the age- and sex-related spatiotemporal variability characteristics of elderly individuals using the measurements taken while walking on a treadmill for one minute based on gait speed variation. Gait testing was conducted on 225 healthy male and female individuals aged 60–79 years who were able to walk and move on their own and, specifically, walk on a treadmill for one minute. The test was performed at three speed conditions—the preferred speed of the participant, 20% higher than the preferred speed, and 20% lower than the preferred speed—and data were recorded using shoe-type data loggers. The different age groups and sex could be distinguished using the coefficient of variance (CV) of the double support phase and gait asymmetry (GA) at the preferred speed, and CVs of stride length and stance phase at faster speed. The results indicated that the values of GV obtained from the test were used to determine the variation in gait characteristics of elderly individuals.

“…These patterns may be one of the symptoms of declining gait stability in the low TFMS group. The GV value is decreased with increasing walking speed due to enhanced dynamic stability during walking ( Lee et al, 2020c ). In addition, control of the walking-related rhythmic stepping mechanism is reflected by stride-to-stride variability ( Gabell & Nayak, 1984 ), and the lower variability reflects automatic processes that require minimal attention, which can be attributed to efficient gait control and stability ( Hausdorff et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the treadmill walking test, the participants were asked to walk while maintaining a stable walking pattern for each speed condition on the treadmill for approximately 30–60 s at the onset of treadmill walking. An operator collected the treadmill walking data at 100 Hz (1 min periods) when a participant attained a stable walking pattern ( Lee et al, 2020c ). The treadmill walking procedure followed this sequence: (1) self-preferred speed; (2) faster speed; (3) slower speed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low composite functional movement screen score associated with decline of gait stability in young adults

Lee

Noh

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background The functional movement screen (FMS)TM is a screening tool used to evaluate fundamental motor function. A score of 14 for the composite total FMS score (TFMS) is generally used as the cut-off point (≤14/21). In addition, gait analysis is used to evaluate fundamental motor function in humans. Thus, evaluating the fundamental motor function using the FMSTM test and gait analysis at various speeds can provide further understanding of any decline in gait stability. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between gait ability and fundamental movement patterns in young adults according to the cut-off point. Methods A total of 439 participants (male: 203, female: 236) successfully completed the FMS test and a 1 min treadmill test; the participants were classified into two groups: low TFMS (≤14) and high TFMS (>14). Results The low TFMS group exhibited slower and shortened walking patterns and worsen gait variability than the high TFMS group. The coefficient of variance (CV) for the double support phase at a faster speed (male) and the stride length at a slower speed (female) were classifiers between the two groups. In addition, the low TFMS group demonstrated insufficient gait adaptation at the preferred and faster speeds based on the CV of the double support phase and gait asymmetry. Lower TFMS is associated with a decline in gait ability. Therefore, participants with a lower TFMS and poor gait ability may require intervention programs to prevent risk of future injury and to enhance motor function.