Gait speed in older people: an easy test for detecting cognitive impairment, functional independence, and health state

García‐Pinillos, Felipe; Cozar-Barba, Manuela; Munoz-Jimenez, Marcos; Soto-Hermoso, Víctor M.; Román, Pedro Ángel Latorre

doi:10.1111/psyg.12133

Cited by 43 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This deterioration in the CGT is related to a decrease in IADL, CST, HS, and GS performance. Likewise, previous studies have shown that a reduction in habitual GS is related to a reduction of functional capacity in older people [35,36]. In this regard, Callisaya et al [37] showed that several gait factors are associated with age, and sex differences in some of these associations indicate that the aging process may affect gait in men and women differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Complex Gait Is Related to Cognitive Functioning in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Providing an Innovative Test

et al. 2020

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Background: Many studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between gait performance and cognitive impairment. The main purposes of this study were: (1) to design and validate a complex gait test (CGT) in older people, (2) to analyze the effects of age and sex on CGT, and (3) to analyze the association between CGT performance and physical functioning and cognitive measures. Methods: A total of 279 older people (60-97 years) were analyzed in 2019. Fitness tests, gait performance, and several cognitive measures such as the Trail-Walking Test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were used. Results: The CGT reported adequate reliability and validity parameters. In the test-retest analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.868 (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the CGT and Trail-Walking Test (r = 0.592; p < 0.001). The linear regression analysis showed that the CGT was associated with the Montreal Cog-nitive Assessment (R 2 = 0.357; p = 0.001). The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that a high CGT score was a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (odds ratio 1.201, 95% CI 1.081-1.334; p = 0.001). The ROC curve of the mild cognitive impairment was predicted by the CGT performance (area under the curve = 0.768, 95% CI 0.647-0.889; p < 0.001), reaching the cutoff point at 20.25 s. Conclusions: The CGT showed good reliability and validity and may serve as a potential biomarker in mild cognitive impairment prediction in older adults aged 60-97 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Complex Gait Is Related to Cognitive Functioning in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Providing an Innovative Test

et al. 2020

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“…The significant correlation that we found between some aspects of physical performance and cognitive scores in centenarians seems important [12, 15]. As individuals grow old, motor abilities are reduced as compared with younger adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both types of physical exercise are important to an independent life and previous research showed an association between exercise and cognition in middle aged and elderly individuals [11]. Gait speed is an important factor in old age, and constitutes a predictive indicator of functional capacity in older adults [12]. Handgrip strength was related to cognition in very old subjects: those with the lower values in handgrip were at higher risk of subsequent functional decline and mortality [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between handgrip strength, walking, age-related illnesses and cognitive status in a sample of Portuguese centenarians

Patto

Martínez

Ribeiro

et al. 2017

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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BackgroundCentenarians are a growing population in Europe and present significant variability in motor and cognitive functions. The aim of our study was to characterize health status, as well as cognitive and motor functions in a group of Portuguese centenarians. In addition, our study also aimed at analyzing the relationship between cognitive functions and the burden of diseases affecting the elderly.MethodsFifty-two centenarians were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, short version. Walking-related parameters (velocity and time spent in the 3 m walk test), grip strength and number of age-related illnesses were also measured. The relationship between cognitive scores and time spent in the three metre walk test, velocity, grip strength and number of diseases was analysed.ResultsCognitive scores showed a positive correlation with both handgrip strength and time spent in the three metre walk. In contrast, no association was found between cognitive scores and the presence/absence of disease, walking velocity or number of diseases present.ConclusionsThese results suggest that in centenarians, cognitive functions may be related with motor functions.

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“…According to Bridenbaugh and Kressig () impairments in both gait and cognition are prevalent in older adults and thus, older adults with gait impairment have an increased risk of developing cognitive impairments. Garcia‐Pinillos, Cozar‐Barba, Munoz‐Jimenez, Soto‐Hermoso, and Latorre‐Roman () analysed the association between physical and cognitive functions in older people, as well as the most appropriate physical test to assess cognitive impairment, functional capacity, comorbidity and perceived health in this population. The authors showed that gait speed is an important predictor of functional capacity (physical and cognitive function) in adults over 65 years old.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a complex intervention: A physical exercise programme aimed at delaying the functional decline in frail older adults

et al. 2019

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Aim To develop and validate a physical exercise programme aimed at delaying the functional decline in frail older adults. Design The revised guideline of Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in health care was followed. Methods The physical exercise programme was designed and validated by exercise specialists to be implemented by healthcare professionals. The physical exercise programme underwent three stages of development, piloting and evaluation. It includes a portfolio of exercises in different support materials (posters, e‐book and website). A testing intervention was delivered to the target population. Results The Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in health care process has the potential to help practitioners in developing and planning complex interventions, such as an exercise programme. Its components can be adjusted to the context and to the characteristics of the target population. A study protocol and a pilot study will be developed to test the effectiveness of the physical exercise programme on delaying the functional decline of frail older adults.

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Gait speed in older people: an easy test for detecting cognitive impairment, functional independence, and health state

Abstract: The results showed that GS is an important predictor of functional capacity (physical and cognitive function) in adults over 65 years old.

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Complex Gait Is Related to Cognitive Functioning in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Providing an Innovative Test

Complex Gait Is Related to Cognitive Functioning in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Providing an Innovative Test

Association between handgrip strength, walking, age-related illnesses and cognitive status in a sample of Portuguese centenarians

Development and validation of a complex intervention: A physical exercise programme aimed at delaying the functional decline in frail older adults

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