Galangin, a dietary flavonoid, ameliorates hyperglycaemia and lipid abnormalities in rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia

Abstract

Context: Galangin, a natural flavonoid, is found in honey and Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae). Galangin has antiviral, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anticancer properties, without side effects. The effects of galangin on hyperglycaemia and lipid abnormalities are not known.Objective: To elucidate the effectiveness of galangin on hyperglycaemia-associated complications and lipid changes in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycaemia.Materials and methods: Diabetes was induced in adult Wistar rats by administering 40 mg/kg of STZ. In our previous study, galangin had no toxicity at concentrations up to 320 mg/kg. Therefore three doses of galangin (4, 8 or 16 mg/kg BW) or glibenclamide (600 µg/kg BW) were administered daily to diabetic rats orally for 45 days.Results: Diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increased levels of plasma glucose (281.10 mg/dL) and decreased levels of insulin (6.01 μU/mL). Additionally, diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increased levels of plasma lipid profiles such as total cholesterol (149.05 mg/dL), triglycerides (143.28 mg/dL), free fatty acids (139.37 mg/dL), phospholipids (127.53 mg/dL), plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (98.72 mg/dL), plasma very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (28.65 mg/dL), and significant (p < 0.05) decreased in plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (21.68 mg/dL). When galangin was administered to the hyperglycaemic rats, plasma glucose and insulin levels and lipid profiles reverted to levels similar to those in healthy control rats.Discussion and conclusions: Administration of galangin reduced hyperlipidaemia related to the risk of diabetic complications and could be beneficial for diabetic hyperlipidaemic patients. Further work detailing its mechanism-of-action for improving hyperglycaemic-associated lipid abnormalities is needed.

Protective Role of Loranthus regularis against Liver Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat Model

“…Our results showed that the commonly used liver function tests were imbalanced in the serum of diabetic animals. In addition, hyperglycemia impaired the lipid profile markers in diabetic animals treated with STZ alone, which is in accordance with earlier studies [ 16 ]. The liver is one of the most common organs vulnerable to harmful effects of hyperglycemia.…”

Aqueous extract from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) leaves exerts long-term hypoglycemic effect, increases insulin sensitivity and plasma insulin levels on diabetic Wistar rats

“…Also, fisetin presents antidiabetic potential in streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetic rats [63,64]. Current studies have shown that administration of galangin reduced hyperlipidemia related to the risk of diabetic complications and could be beneficial for diabetic hyperlipidaemic patients [65]. Besides, galangin decreased oxidative stress and increased antioxidant status in diabetic rats, which may be due to its antidiabetic and antioxidant potential [66].…”

Camel milk as an alternative treatment regimen for diabetes therapy

“…Serum glucose level was quantified by using a reagent kit (Adaltis) according to the method described by Trinder (1969). Total cholesterol level and triglycerides (TG) were estimated (Aloud et al., 2018; Benkhaled et al., 2020) by using reagent kits (Chengxinde reagent company). HbA1c and liver enzymes (ALT and AST) were estimated and verified with kits (Ghaferi, Asadollahzadeh, et al, 2020; Lv et al., 2020) by using an HbA1c test kit (Beijing Wantai Dro Co., Ltd.) and AST and ALT commercial kits (Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute).…”