Galanin Mediates the Pathogenesis of Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in the Mouse

Abstract

These data implicate a role for galanin in AP and suggest a potential clinical application for galanin antagonists in treatment.

Physiology, Signaling, and Pharmacology of Galanin Peptides and Receptors: Three Decades of Emerging Diversity

“…Galanin-KO mice display reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and a lower acinar cell necrosis score than their WT littermates in a mouse model of cerulein-induced AP (Bhandari et al, 2010b). After galanin administration, MPO activity and the acinar cell necrosis score returned to normal levels in the galanin-KO mice, (Bhandari et al, 2010b).…”

“…Reduced mechanical allodynia after nerve injury (Kerr et al, 2000a;Holmes et al, 2003) (Mazarati et al, 2000) Marked reduction in levels of prolactin in the anterior pituitary and in plasma (Wynick et al, 1998) Decreased severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (Bhandari et al, 2010b) Reduced insulin secretion in response to non-neuronal stimulation and impaired glucose elimination (Ahren et al, 2004) Decreased food consumption on high-fat diet (Adams et al, 2008;Karatayev et al, 2010) Decreased ethanol intake and preference in female mice. Decreased orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus (Karatayev et al, 2010) Increase in opiate withdrawal behavior (Zachariou et al, 2003) Decreased sensitivity to nicotine and no increase in ERK2 activation in mice that showed nicotine conditioned place preference (increase in WT) (Neugebauer et al, 2011) Increase in secreting sweat glands following thermal stimulation (Vilches et al, 2012) GAL 1 (Jacoby et al, 2002)/C57BL/6J and 129T2/SvEmsJ Increased sensitivity to both heat and cold intact.…”

“…Galanin-KO mice display reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and a lower acinar cell necrosis score than their WT littermates in a mouse model of cerulein-induced AP (Bhandari et al, 2010b). After galanin administration, MPO activity and the acinar cell necrosis score returned to normal levels in the galanin-KO mice, (Bhandari et al, 2010b). However, the reduction in neutrophil accumulation, reflected by reduced MPO activity, in galanin-KO mice is not exclusively restricted to AP and seems to be a more general phenomenon of inflammation, because it has also been observed with inflammatory skin responses (Schmidhuber et al, 2008).…”

Galanin Receptor Antagonist M35 but Not M40 or C7 Ameliorates Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Mice

“…The day prior to the experiment, mice were randomly assigned to various experimental groups (see below; table 1). The mice were anesthetized and a blood sample was collected by orbital sinus bleeding to determine the baseline plasma amylase and lipase activities as previously described [22,24]. The anesthesia was then reversed and the mice were fasted overnight with free access to water [22,24].…”

“…galantide [21,22]. These studies suggest a potential therapeutic role for galanin antagonists in the treatment of AP.…”