Galanin Systems in Non-mammalian Vertebrates with Special Focus on Fishes

Mensah, Elsie Tachie; Volkoff, Hélène; Unniappan, Suraj

doi:10.1007/978-3-0346-0228-0_17

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…There is some indication of a KISS2-like gene in apes [64] that may be a pseudogene because it is a single exon compared to the 2 exons in other species. The presence of a single GAL gene appears to be consistent with other teleost species, with the exception of Cypriniformes (e.g., D.rerio and Carassius auratus (goldfish)) that appear to have a duplication of GAL ( GAL1 and GAL2 ) [16, 65]. Two GAL isoforms were determined from EST evidence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Identification of prohormones and pituitary neuropeptides in the African cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni

Southey

Romanova

et al. 2016

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundCichlid fishes have evolved remarkably diverse reproductive, social, and feeding behaviors. Cell-to-cell signaling molecules, notably neuropeptides and peptide hormones, are known to regulate these behaviors across vertebrates. This class of signaling molecules derives from prohormone genes that have undergone multiple duplications and losses in fishes. Whether and how subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization, or losses of neuropeptides and peptide hormones have contributed to fish behavioral diversity is largely unknown. Information on fish prohormones has been limited and is complicated by the whole genome duplication of the teleost ancestor. We combined bioinformatics, mass spectrometry-enabled peptidomics, and molecular techniques to identify the suite of neuropeptide prohormones and pituitary peptide products in Astatotilapia burtoni, a well-studied member of the diverse African cichlid clade.ResultsUtilizing the A. burtoni genome, we identified 148 prohormone genes, with 21 identified as a single copy and 39 with at least 2 duplicated copies. Retention of prohormone duplicates was therefore 41 %, which is markedly above previous reports for the genome-wide average in teleosts. Beyond the expected whole genome duplication, differences between cichlids and mammals can be attributed to gene loss in tetrapods and additional duplication after divergence. Mass spectrometric analysis of the pituitary identified 620 unique peptide sequences that were matched to 120 unique proteins. Finally, we used in situ hybridization to localize the expression of galanin, a prohormone with exceptional sequence divergence in cichlids, as well as the expression of a proopiomelanocortin, prohormone that has undergone an additional duplication in some bony fish lineages.ConclusionWe characterized the A. burtoni prohormone complement. Two thirds of prohormone families contain duplications either from the teleost whole genome duplication or a more recent duplication. Our bioinformatic and mass spectrometric findings provide information on a major vertebrate clade that will further our understanding of the functional ramifications of these prohormone losses, duplications, and sequence changes across vertebrate evolution. In the context of the cichlid radiation, these findings will also facilitate the exploration of neuropeptide and peptide hormone function in behavioral diversity both within A. burtoni and across cichlid and other fish species.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2914-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Identification of prohormones and pituitary neuropeptides in the African cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni

Southey

Romanova

et al. 2016

BMC Genomics

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“…Galanin is a shortterm orexigenic peptide in mammals (Lang et al 2015) expressed in brain and gut. In fish, central administration of galanin (de Pedro et al 1995a,b, Guijarro et al 1999, periprandrial changes of brain transcript and its induction by short-term fasting (Volkoff & Peter 2001, Mensah et al 2010) support an orexigenic role, at least in cyprinids. Finally, some members of the family of biologically active RFamide peptides (Chartrel et al 2006), present in all vertebrate phyla with a fully conserved biological active C-terminal domain, seem to be involved in the central control of food intake in fish (Liu et al 2009) and mammals (Chartrel et al 2011).…”

Section: Short-term Signalling From Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central regulation of food intake in fish: an evolutionary perspective

Soengas

Cerdá‐Reverter

Delgado

2018

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

122

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Evidence indicates that central regulation of food intake is well conserved along the vertebrate lineage, at least between teleost fish and mammals. However, several differences arise in the comparison between both groups. In this review, we describe similarities and differences between teleost fish and mammals on an evolutionary perspective. We focussed on the existing knowledge of specific fish features conditioning food intake, anatomical homologies and analogies between both groups as well as the main signalling pathways of neuroendocrine and metabolic nature involved in the homeostatic and hedonic central regulation of food intake.

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“…The distribution of GAL mRNA and galaninimmunoreactivity has been comprehensively mapped in adult rat and mouse CNS (brain and spinal cord) and to differing degrees in several other species, including primate and human brain (mentioned above and reviewed below), and several nonmammalian vertebrates, including fish (Mensah et al, 2010). Similarly, the distribution of GALP mRNA and GALP immunoreactivity was described in the rat brain by several groups soon after the peptide's discovery (Ohtaki et al, 1999) (see below), whereas its distribution in mouse brain was not as widely reported, possibly due to its relatively lower abundance in this species (Jureus et al, 2001).…”

Section: Galanin Family Peptide and Galanin Receptor Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology, Signaling, and Pharmacology of Galanin Peptides and Receptors: Three Decades of Emerging Diversity

Lang

Gundlach

Holmes

et al. 2015

Pharmacological Reviews

276

310

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Galanin Systems in Non-mammalian Vertebrates with Special Focus on Fishes

Cited by 10 publications

References 100 publications

Identification of prohormones and pituitary neuropeptides in the African cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni

Identification of prohormones and pituitary neuropeptides in the African cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni

Central regulation of food intake in fish: an evolutionary perspective

Physiology, Signaling, and Pharmacology of Galanin Peptides and Receptors: Three Decades of Emerging Diversity

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