Galanthamine and Related Alkaloids Production by Leucojum aestivum L. Shoot Culture using a Temporary Immersion Technology

Abstract

The process of galanthamine and related alkaloids production by Leucojum aestivum shoot culture in a temporary immersion system was studied. It was established that temporary immersion approach is prospective for development of a biosynthetic process for obtaining valuable Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Both immersion frequency and temperature had significant effect on biomass accumulation and the yields of galanthamine and related alkaloids. The maximal yield of galanthamine was achieved at the cultivation of L. aestivum shoot culture in temporary immersion RITA ® system at immersion frequency 15 min flooding and 8 h stand-by periods, at 26°C. Data on the relationships in the biological system "Nutrient medium-L. aestivum shoot culture-galanthamine" are presented as well.

Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus

“…Somatic embryogenesis can greatly improve the multiplication rate of in vitro bulbous plants. In the future, plants could be regenerated from somatic embryos and propagated in bioreactors, as previously shown for shoot cultures [14,15]. Therefore, the capacity of Leucojum aestivum embryogenic callus and the impact of both phenolic compounds and Amaryllidaceae alkaloids on the biosynthetic pathway were estimated for the first time under the influence of various auxins (2,4-D, picloram, and dicamba).…”

“…The low Amaryllidaceae alkaloid accumulation commonly observed in in vitro cultures of Leucojum aestivum [6,[9][10][11][12][13] was probably due to the fact that the level of the alkaloid biosynthesis is strongly influenced by cellular differentiation [10,[14][15][16]. In particular, enhanced synthesis of galanthamine accompanied development of somatic embryos [17].…”

Two-phase temporary immersion system for Agrobacterium rhizogenes genetic transformation of sage (Salvia tomentosa Mill.)

“…These cultivation systems were developed mainly for the needs of plants micropropagation (Debnath 2009) but, recently, they found application in transgenic plant regeneration (Hanhineva and Karenlampi 2007) and secondary metabolite production (Pavlov and Bley 2006;Ivanov et al 2011). Their suitable design allowed an effective separation of the resin nets from the explants.…”

Leucojum aestivum L. in vitro bulbs induction and acclimatization

“…The temporary immersion system was reported for micropropagation of Leucojum aestivum somatic embryo and shoot cultures [12,27]. It was also observed that liquid medium affected an increase in the number and FW of bulbs, for example in tulip culture [20], while temporary immersion systems stimulated tuberization of potato [26].…”