Galectins: guardians of eutherian pregnancy at the maternal–fetal interface

Than, Nándor Gábor; Romero, Roberto; Kim, Chong Jai; McGowen, Michael R.; Papp, Zoltán; Wildman, Derek E.

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2011.09.003

Cited by 86 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(241 reference statements)

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“…Several lines of evidence suggest that human galectins play important roles in implantation, angiogenesis, maternal-fetal immunotolerance and placentation. [48][49][50] For example, gal-1 expression by the trophectoderm and inner cell mass of human preimplantation embryos, points to involvement in attachment to the uterine epithelium, even though gal-1 null mice implant normally. 51,52 Among the 16 human galectins, gal-1, -3, and -8 were detected in EVT differentiating along the invasion pathway.…”

Section: Trophoblast Mucinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of extravillous trophoblast galectin-1 and mucin(s)—Is there a functional relevance?

Bojić‐Trbojević

Krivokuća

Kolundžić

et al. 2016

Cell Adhesion & Migration

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In the course of embryo implantation extensive interaction of the trophoblast with uterine tissue is crucial for adequate trophoblast invasion. This interaction is highly controlled, and it has been pointed out that a specific glycocode and changes in glycosylation may be important for successful implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. Both uterine and trophoblast cells have been shown to express cell surface glycoconjugates and sugar binding proteins, such as mucins (MUC) and galectins (gals). An increasing number of studies have investigated potential candidates interacting in this process. However, knowledge about the biochemical nature of the interactions and their importance for trophoblast cell function, and, consequently, for pregnancy outcome are still lacking. This review is aimed at deliberating the possibility that mucins, as heavily glycosylated proteins, might be among the functionally relevant galectin ligands in human trophoblast, based on both published data and our original research.

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Section: Trophoblast Mucinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of extravillous trophoblast galectin-1 and mucin(s)—Is there a functional relevance?

Bojić‐Trbojević

Krivokuća

Kolundžić

et al. 2016

Cell Adhesion & Migration

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“…Gal-9 can influence the immune system in different ways [6], either by exacerbating the inflammatory process [7] or by exhibiting therapeutic effects in autoimmune disease models, such as autoimmune arthritis, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Notably, it is generally believed that the engagement of Gal-9 by its receptor TIM-3 established the Gal-9/TIM-3 pathway as a novel regulator of Th1 immunity and tolerance induction [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feto-maternal immune regulation by TIM-3/galectin-9 pathway and PD-1 molecule in mice at day 14.5 of pregnancy

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tIntroduction: Immunoregulation implies the activation of negative pathways leading to the modulation of specific immune responses. Co-inhibitory receptors (such as PD-1 and TIM-3) represent possible tools for this purpose. PD-1 and TIM-3 have been demonstrated to be present on immune cells suggesting general involvement in immunosuppression such as fetomaternal tolerance. The aim of our study was to investigate the expression pattern of PD-1, TIM-3, and its ligand Gal-9 on different immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood and at the fetomaternal interface in pregnant mice. Methods: TIM-3 and PD-1 expression by peripheral and decidual immune cells from pregnant BALB-c mice in 2 weeks of gestational age were measures by flow cytometry. Placental galectin-9 expression was determined by immunohistochemically and RT-PCR. Results: Gal-9 was found to be present in the spongiotrophoblast layer of the haemochorial placenta.Decidual NK, NKT and g/d T cells showed increased PD-1 expression and reduced cytotoxic potential when compared to the periphery. TIM-3 expression by NK cells and g/d T cells is similar both in the periphery and in the decidua, notably, their relative TIM-3 expression is increased locally which is associated with reduced lytic activity. Decidual NKT cells exhibit a reduced TIM-3 expression with increased relative receptor expression and a slightly increased cytotoxicity when compared to the periphery. Discussion: Our data reveals a particularly complex, tissue and cell type specific immunoregulatory mechanism by the investigated co-inhibitory receptors at the fetomaternal interface.

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“…70,71 Due to its association with early placental development, it may be useful in detecting PE during early pregnancy. 72 A significantly lower concentration of PP13 in weeks 6-10 of gestation has been found in PE-predisposed patients, which was attributed to impaired trophoblastic regulation and spiral-artery remodeling in PE.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

Pillay¹,

Moodley²,

Moodley³

et al. 2017

IJN

111

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Preeclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality, due to ineffective treatment and diagnostic strategies, compounded by the lack of clarity on the etiology of the disorder. Although several clinical and biological markers of preeclampsia have been evaluated, they have proven to be ineffective in providing a definitive diagnosis during the various stages of the disorder. Exosomes have emerged as ideal biomarkers of pathological states, such as cancer, and have more recently gained interest in pregnancy-related complications, due to their role in cellular communication in normal and complicated pregnancies. This occurs as a result of the specific placenta-derived exosomal molecular cargo, which may be involved in normal pregnancy-associated immunological events, such as the maintenance of maternal–fetal tolerance. This review provides perspectives on placenta-derived exosomes as possible biomarkers for the diagnosis/prognosis of preeclampsia. Using keywords, online databases were searched to identify relevant publications to review the potential use of placenta-derived exosomes as biomarkers of preeclampsia.

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Galectins: guardians of eutherian pregnancy at the maternal–fetal interface

Cited by 86 publications

References 80 publications

Interaction of extravillous trophoblast galectin-1 and mucin(s)—Is there a functional relevance?

Interaction of extravillous trophoblast galectin-1 and mucin(s)—Is there a functional relevance?

Feto-maternal immune regulation by TIM-3/galectin-9 pathway and PD-1 molecule in mice at day 14.5 of pregnancy

Placenta-derived exosomes: potential biomarkers of preeclampsia

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