Gallbladder Cryptosporidiosis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Megremis, Stylianos; Segkos, Nikolaos; Daskalaki, Maria; Tzortzakakis, E.; Paspatis, Grigorios; Zois, E.; Sfakianaki, Evaggelia

doi:10.7863/jum.2004.23.1.137

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…55 MRCP shows characteristic ductal abnormalities such as papillary stenosis, intraductal strictures, and extrahepatic long-segmental strictures or a calculous cholecystitis. [56][57][58][59][60][61] Patients who have undergone liver transplant represent another group at risk of biliary infections. Cholestatic liver disease is the most commonly encountered problem following orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) and can result from several causes.…”

Section: Ascariasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Biliary Infections

Catalano

Arellano

2017

Dig Dis Interv

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Section: Ascariasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Biliary Infections

Catalano

Arellano

2017

Dig Dis Interv

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“…In immunocompressed patients cryptosporidiosis causes chronic, fulminant, transient or relapsing diarrhea which has even been associated with mortality (Manabe et al, 1998). The infection may spread throughout the alimentary canals and other mucosal surfaces, including the stomach and the biliary, the urinary or the respiratory tracts (Clemente et al, 2000;Megremis et al, 2004).…”

Section: Public Health Importance Of Cryptosporidiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Its Public Health Importance: Review

Mohammed¹,

Degefu²,

Jilo³

2017

International Journal of Research Studies in Microbiology and B

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Cryptosporidiosis is the worldwide disease caused by protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium, which was discovered in 1910 by Edward Ernst Tyzzer in the gastric glands of mice and he named it from the Greece word "kruptos" meaning "hidden as it did not contain sporocysts within the oocysts and it sporulates while still attached to the host wall (Tyzzer, 1910). Cryptosporidium is an intracellular protozoan parasite that associated with gastrointestinal diseases with a wide host range affecting all classes of vertebrates including mammals, reptiles, birds and fish (Kosek et al, 2001; Chen et al., 2002). It is protected by an outer shell that allows it to survive outside the body for long periods of time and makes it very resistant to chlorine disinfectants (Kosek et al, 2001). As a result, the oocysts of the Cryptosporidium can survive for several months and retain infectivity in a latent form outside the host, despite adverse environmental factors, including salinity and chemicals (Sunnotel et al., 2006; Smith et al., 2007). Cryptosporidium is monoxenous life cycle that causes diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals and neonates that believed as resulted from parasite invasion and epithelial destruction with the result of mild to moderate villus atrophy and microvillii shortening and destruction (deGraaf et al., 1999). Cryptosporidium oocysts are transmitted between hosts via the fecal-oral route, either directly from contact with faeces of infected animals or indirectly through environmental contamination or from ingestion of contaminated food or water whereas; age, immune status, concurrent infections, management and hygienic condition are the potential risk factors (Thomson, 2014). Summary: Cryptosporidiosis is the worldwide zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium which infects the micro-villous border of the gastrointestinal and respiratory epithelium of wide range of vertebrates including human beings and causing diarrhea in both immune-competent and immune-compromised individuals. It follows monoxenous life cycle which requires single host and grow only in living cells but can survive in the environment for long periods without losing its infectivity. Its transmission occurs through direct or indirect contact with feces of infected animals or humans whereas a contaminated food and water are source infection. Age, immune status, concurrent infection and resistance of the parasite to adverse environmental factors are the risk to factors associated with cryptosporidium infection. It"s diagnosis of is mainly based on identification of oocysts from fecal materials while species identification rely on molecular techniques. Cryptosporidium causes high morbidity which results in production losses and death of live animals in the different countries of the world. Additionally, it accounts for up to 20% of all cases of childhood diarrhea in developing countries. Furthermore, it is a potentially fatal complication of AIDS. Since, it"s highly resistance to antimicrobials and ...

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Laboratory Examinations of Diseases of the Gallbladder

Chung

Chong

2020

Diseases of the Gallbladder

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Gallbladder Cryptosporidiosis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Imaging of Biliary Infections

Imaging of Biliary Infections

Cryptosporidium and Its Public Health Importance: Review

Laboratory Examinations of Diseases of the Gallbladder

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