Galleria mellonella infected with Bacillus thuringiensis involves Hsp90

Wojda, Iwona; Kowalski, Patryk

doi:10.2478/s11535-013-0162-9

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Reciprocally, in other invertebrate models, infection appears to enhance temperature stress tolerance, stress responses, and expression of stress genes, including HSR target genes. Bacterial infection induced Hsp90 expression in the greater wax moth 72 and Hsp70 expression in Musca domestica 73 . Hormesis, the beneficial effects of a treatment that are harmful at a higher intensity 74 , may be the underlying mechanism in these other invertebrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The heat shock response and humoral immune response are mutually antagonistic in honey bees

McKinstry

Chung

Truong

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The honey bee is of paramount importance to humans in both agricultural and ecological settings. Honey bee colonies have suffered from increased attrition in recent years, stemming from complex interacting stresses. Defining common cellular stress responses elicited by these stressors represents a key step in understanding potential synergies. The proteostasis network is a highly conserved network of cellular stress responses involved in maintaining the homeostasis of protein production and function. Here, we have characterized the Heat Shock Response (HSR), one branch of this network, and found that its core components are conserved. In addition, exposing bees to elevated temperatures normally encountered by honey bees during typical activities results in robust HSR induction with increased expression of specific heat shock proteins that was variable across tissues. Surprisingly, we found that heat shock represses multiple immune genes in the abdomen and additionally showed that wounding the cuticle of the abdomen results in decreased expression of multiple HSR genes in proximal and distal tissues. This mutually antagonistic relationship between the HSR and immune activation is unique among invertebrates studied to date and may promote understanding of potential synergistic effects of disparate stresses in this critical pollinator and social insects more broadly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The heat shock response and humoral immune response are mutually antagonistic in honey bees

McKinstry

Chung

Truong

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…A review of the heat shock proteins present in various insect species by Zhao and Jones found the most common forms to be HSP90 and HSP70; however, HSPs were identified in a range of insects from the orders Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Psocoptera and Hemiptera [43]. One of the few published articles that discuss the presence of HSP in G. mellonella, by Wojda et al, indicates that injection of entomopathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis cells causes HSP90 levels in larval fat bodies to increase approximately two-fold 1.5 hours after infection, and this rise is followed by a fall to slightly below control levels three hours after infection [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat shock proteins (HSP 90, 70, 60, and 27) in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) hemolymph are affected by infection with Conidiobolus coronatus (Entomophthorales)

Wrońska

Boguś

2020

PLoS ONE

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Invertebrates are becoming more popular models for research on the immune system. The innate immunity possessed by insects shows both structural and functional similarity to the resistance displayed by mammals, and many processes occurring in insect hemocytes are similar to those that occur in mammals. The humoral immune response in insects acts by melanization, clotting and the production of reactive oxygen species and antimicrobial peptides, while the cellular immunity system is based on nodulation, encapsulation and phagocytosis. An increasingly popular insect model in biological research is Galleria mellonella, whose larvae are sensitive to infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus, which can also be dangerous to humans. One group of factors that modulate the response of the immune system during infection in mammals are heat shock proteins (HSPs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether infection by C. coronatus in G. mellonella hemolymph is accompanied by an increase of HSP90, HSP70, HSP60 and HSP27. Larvae (five-day-old last instar) were exposed for 24 hours to fully-grown and sporulating fungus. Hemolymph was collected either immediately after termination of exposure (F24) or 24 hours later (F48). The concentration of the HSPs in hemolymph was determined using ELISA. Immunolocalization in hemocytes was performed using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. HSP90, HSP70, HSP60 and HSP27 were found to be present in the G. mellonella hemocytes. HSP60 and HSP90 predominated in healthy insects, with HSP70 and HSP27 being found in trace amounts; HSP60 and HSP27 were elevated in F24 and F48, and HSP90 was elevated in F48. The fungal infection had no effect on HSP70 levels. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the interaction between the innate insect immune response and entomopathogen infection. The results of this innovative study may have a considerable impact on research concerning innate immunology and insect physiology.

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“…Regarding the antibacterial response, it was shown that HSP70 transcripts were highly induced in arthropods ( Penaeus monodon ) after injection with bacteria Vibrio [ 82 ]. In wax moths, an increase in HSP90 expression was observed in response to Bacillus thuringiensis infection [ 83 ] and mixed (bacteria and yeast) infections [ 84 ]. Linder and coworkers [ 16 ] suggest that HSPs may improve immune functions against bacterioses at cool temperatures in Drosophila melanogaster .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between Fungal Infection and Bacterial Associates in the Wax Moth Galleria mellonella under Different Temperature Conditions

Kryukov

Kosman

Tomilova

et al. 2020

JoF

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Various insect bacterial associates are involved in pathogeneses caused by entomopathogenic fungi. The outcome of infection (fungal growth or decomposition) may depend on environmental factors such as temperature. The aim of this study was to analyze the bacterial communities and immune response of Galleria mellonella larvae injected with Cordyceps militaris and incubated at 15 °C and 25 °C. We examined changes in the bacterial CFUs, bacterial communities (Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing) and expression of immune, apoptosis, ROS and stress-related genes (qPCR) in larval tissues in response to fungal infection at the mentioned temperatures. Increased survival of larvae after C. militaris injection was observed at 25 °C, although more frequent episodes of spontaneous bacteriosis were observed at this temperature compared to 15 °C. We revealed an increase in the abundance of enterococci and enterobacteria in the midgut and hemolymph in response to infection at 25 °C, which was not observed at 15 °C. Antifungal peptide genes showed the highest expression at 25 °C, while antibacterial peptides and inhibitor of apoptosis genes were strongly expressed at 15 °C. Cultivable bacteria significantly suppressed the growth of C. militaris. We suggest that fungi such as C. militaris may need low temperatures to avoid competition with host bacterial associates.

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Galleria mellonella infected with Bacillus thuringiensis involves Hsp90

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

The heat shock response and humoral immune response are mutually antagonistic in honey bees

The heat shock response and humoral immune response are mutually antagonistic in honey bees

Heat shock proteins (HSP 90, 70, 60, and 27) in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) hemolymph are affected by infection with Conidiobolus coronatus (Entomophthorales)

Interplay between Fungal Infection and Bacterial Associates in the Wax Moth Galleria mellonella under Different Temperature Conditions

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