Gallic Acid Regulates Skin Photoaging in UVB‐exposed Fibroblast and Hairless Mice

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary factor in skin photoaging, which is characterized by wrinkle formation, dryness, and thickening. The mechanisms underlying skin photoaging are closely associated with degradation of collagen via upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, which is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic compound, possesses a variety of biological activities including antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. We investigated the protective effects of GA against photoaging caused by UVB irradiation using normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) in vitro and hairless mice in vivo. The production levels of ROS, interlukin-6, and MMP-1 were significantly suppressed, and type I procollagen expression was stimulated in UVB-irradiated and GA-treated NHDFs. GA treatment inhibited the activity of transcription factor activation protein 1. The effects of GA following topical application and dietary administration were examined by measuring wrinkle formation, histological modification, protein expression, and physiological changes such as stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss, and erythema index. We found that GA decreased dryness, skin thickness, and wrinkle formation via negative modulation of MMP-1 secretion and positive regulation of elastin, type I procollagen, and transforming growth factor-β1. Our data indicate that GA is a potential candidate for the prevention of UVB-induced premature skin aging.

Thymus vulgaris alleviates UVB irradiation induced skin damage via inhibition of MAPK/AP‐1 and activation of Nrf2‐ARE antioxidant system

“…Matrix metalloproteinases is a major collagenolytic enzyme responsible for collagen damage in UV‐irradiated human skin 10. Compared with the normal group, both MMP‐1 and MMP‐3 levels in NHDFs were markedly elevated because of UVB irradiation.…”

“…Reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR were performed in a Veriti Thermal Cycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) according to our previous research 10. PCR products were stained with ethidium bromide and separated by 2.0% agarose gel.…”

Annealing temperature effect on the mechanical and tribological properties of molybdenum nitride thin films

“…UV is the main external factor that causes oxidative stress, such as ROS [27]. ROS simultaneously triggers a series of cascade reactions, eventually leads to overexpression of MMP-1 and degradation of type I procollagen, revealed in photoaging [28].…”

“…MMP is a major collagenolytic enzyme responsible for collagen damage in the UVB-irradiated human skin [27]. Reports suggested that collagen damage due to MMP is a major contributor to the photoaging of human skin [36][37][38][39].…”

“…UV irradiation alters the physical properties of skin including loss of type 1 collagen in dermal ECM. Because type I collagen is the main structural protein of dermal ECM, ) for 24 h. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three determination reduction of type I collagen is considered the primary cause of skin aging [27]. In this study, we further investigated the effect of S-AgNPs on MMP-1 and procollagen type 1 mRNA expression in HaCaT cells by RT-PCR analysis.…”