Galliformes and Columbiformes

Crespo, Rocio; França, Monique; Fenton, Heather; Shivaprasad, H. L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805306-5.00031-6

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The pathogenic potential of Exophiala spp. in avian species seems to be low when compared with other animal species, with the only available report being limited to its association with feather abnormalities in wild turkeys due to multiple aetiology mycosis [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

First Documentation of Exophiala spp. Isolation in Psittaciformes

Marques

Cota

Leal

et al. 2022

Animals

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Several fungi species are reported to act as opportunistic agents of infection in avian species. After the isolation of Exophiala spp., a dematiaceous fungal pathogen associated with a mucosal lesion in a military macaw (Ara militar), samples were collected from another 24 birds of the order Psittaciformes to study the possibility of Exophiala spp. being part of the commensal microbiota of these animals or its possible association with other clinical conditions. Swab samples were collected from the trachea and/or choanae of the birds and inoculated in Sabouraud chloramphenicol agar for fungal isolation. After incubation, fungal species were identified through their macroscopic and microscopic morphology. The presence of Exophiala spp. was identified in 15 of the 25 birds sampled and no statistical association was found between the clinical record of the birds and the fungal isolation. Our results suggest that Exophiala spp. can colonize the upper respiratory airways of psittaciform birds and has a low pathogenic potential in these animals. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of Exophiala spp. isolation from samples of the upper respiratory tract of Psittaciformes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

First Documentation of Exophiala spp. Isolation in Psittaciformes

Marques

Cota

Leal

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Expansion of knowledge on locoregional anaesthetic techniques is warranted in these species where limbs trauma and pododermatitis occur frequently due to their highly terrestrial nature. 51 In this scenario, locoregional anaesthesia might represent a novel approach to control pain, not necessarily surgery related. To perform the locoregional nerve blocks, lidocaine was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal analgesic technique in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) anaesthetised for orthopaedic surgery

Marchese

Carrasco²,

Pascal³

2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 6-month-old, male peacock (Pavo cristatus) underwent right-sided corrective tibiotarsal osteotomy under general anaesthesia. Butorphanol (1 mg/kg) and midazolam (1 mg/kg) were administered in the pectoral muscle as pre-anaesthetic medications. Anaesthesia was induced with intravenous alfaxalone (2.5 mg/kg) and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Intermittent positive-pressure ventilation was applied. A nerve stimulator-guided femoral nerve block and a nerve stimulator-and ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block were performed before surgery with lidocaine. An intravenous bolus of ketamine (1 mg/kg), followed by infusion (20 μg/kg/min) was administered intraoperatively. No nociception was recorded during surgery. This case report describes a successful multimodal analgesic technique in a peacock anaesthetised for orthopaedic surgery.

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“…3,12,15,17,18 In birds, LMSs are often reported in the reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts of chickens, quail, and budgerigars. 6,25 LMSs have been reported occasionally in the tracheal muscle of chickens, 21 and have been associated with avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection in chickens. 21 Of 168 masses in budgerigars, 16 were LMSs, of which 15 were primary splenic tumors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spontaneous LMSs in birds are usually extracutaneous and affect the reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts. 6,25 In commercial chickens, LMS can be associated with ALV-J infection, and has been reported in layer flocks to manifest as tumors affecting various sites such as the leg, head, liver, heart, and lung, with concurrent myeloid leukosis and hemangiomas. 29 The LMS in our case appears to have arisen spontaneously, given that its clinicopathologic presentation was not consistent with lesions associated with ALV-J infection in chickens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with visceral metastases in a White Carneau pigeon and literature review

et al. 2021

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Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors of smooth muscle origin and are reported occasionally in avian species. A 14-y-old male laboratory White Carneau pigeon ( Columba livia) was presented for surgical excision of a cervical soft tissue mass. Ultrasonography with color flow Doppler imaging revealed multiple cavitations of mixed echogenicity within the mass and vascularization. Histologically, the dermis and subcutis were expanded by a densely cellular multinodular mass comprised of fusiform cells forming haphazardly arranged broad streams and short interwoven bundles, often surrounding blood vessels and variably sized cavitations. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunopositive for desmin and α–smooth muscle actin, and negative for pancytokeratin, S100, and von Willebrand factor. Based on histopathology and IHC findings, the cutaneous mass was diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma (LMS). The pigeon died 312 d post-operatively. Postmortem examination revealed masses infiltrating the left and right pulmonary airways and one hepatic nodule, but no regrowth at the surgical site. Histologic and IHC evaluation of the pulmonary and hepatic masses were consistent with LMS, representing metastatic foci from the primary cutaneous LMS. Our case highlights the malignant behavior and histomorphologic features of cutaneous LMS in an avian species.

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Galliformes and Columbiformes

Cited by 19 publications

References 120 publications

First Documentation of Exophiala spp. Isolation in Psittaciformes

First Documentation of Exophiala spp. Isolation in Psittaciformes

Multimodal analgesic technique in a peacock (Pavo cristatus) anaesthetised for orthopaedic surgery

Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with visceral metastases in a White Carneau pigeon and literature review

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