Gallium speciation in aqueous solution. Experimental study and modelling: Part 1. Thermodynamic properties of Ga(OH)4− to 300°C

Diakonov, Igor I.; Pokrovski, Gleb S.; Bénézeth, Pascale; Schott, Jacques; Dandurand, Jany; Escalier, Jocelyne

doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(97)00011-2

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The data obtained are consistent with the presence of only one predominant Ga(III)-bearing species in these solutions, that is the tetrahedral hydroxo complex Ga(OH) 4 -. This finding is in stark contrast to that found for Al(III)-containing solutions of similar concentrations, in which, besides the monomeric complex, an oxo-bridged dimer was also found to form.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Name., 2012, 00, [1][2][3] This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 relatively little. Besides Ga(OH) 4 -, the first possible candidate is the dimeric (OH) 3 Ga-O-Ga(OH) 3 2-; a solution species analogous to this has been observed in alkaline aluminate solutions. 10 Solid Ga(III)-compounds containing the above dimeric unit have been prepared and their crystal structure is known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The complexes studied by computational methods included Ga(H 2 O) 6 3+ , Ga(OH) 4 (H 2 O) 2 -and (OH) 3 Ga-O-Ga(OH) 3 2-.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2−5 With increasing pH, Ga(III) undergoes hydrolysis with the progressive formation of stepwise mononuclear hydroxo complexes and a further species related to the tridecamer (Keggin polymer). 3,6−9 Around neutral pH, Ga(OH) 3 or GaOOH is precipitated, which readily dissolves in slightly basic solutions, to form Ga(OH) 4 -in the form of tetrahydroxo complexes. Our knowledge about the structure of Ga(III)-bearing species forming in strongly alkaline (pH > 13) solutions is ARTICLE Journal Name 2 | J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One is to systematically investigate the structure of gallium bearing hydroxo complexes that are formed in strongly alkaline NaOH/Ga(OH) 3 solutions † using solution X-ray diffractometry and quantum mechanical calculations. The other is to elucidate if solution species other than the well-established tetrahedral Ga(OH) 4 -might exist and are present in experimentally detectable quantities in such systems. In particular, the detection of the dimeric species, analogous to the (OH) 3 Al−O−Al(OH) 3 2-was the central question, as at the concentration range of the current studies, its formation is expected to be favoured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The structure of hyperalkaline aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of gallium – a solution X-ray diffraction and computational study

Radnai

Bálint

Bakó

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Highly concentrated alkaline NaOH/Ga(OH) 3 solutions with 1.18 M Ga(III) T 2.32 M and 2.4 M NaOH T 4.9 M (where the subscript T denotes total or analytical concentrations) have been prepared and investigated by solution X -ray diffraction and also by ab initio quantum chemical calculations. The data obtained are consistent with the presence of only one predominant Ga(III)-bearing species in these solutions, that is the tetrahedral hydroxo complex Ga(OH) 4 -. This finding is in stark contrast to that found for Al(III)-containing solutions of similar concentrations, in which, besides the monomeric complex, an oxo-bridged dimer was also found to form. From the solution X -ray diffraction measurements, the formation of the dimeric (OH) 3 Ga-O-Ga(OH) 3 2-could not unambiguously be shown, however, from the comparison of experimental IR, Raman and 71 Ga NMR spectra with calculated ones, its formation can be safely excluded. Moreover, higher mononuclear stepwise hydroxo complexes, like Ga(OH) 6 3-, that have been claimed to exist by others in the literature, was not possible to experimentally detect in these solutions with any of the spectroscopic techniques used.

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The complexes studied by computational methods included Ga(H 2 O) 6 3+ , Ga(OH) 4 (H 2 O) 2 -and (OH) 3 Ga-O-Ga(OH) 3 2-.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The structure of hyperalkaline aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of gallium – a solution X-ray diffraction and computational study

Radnai

Bálint

Bakó

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium

2016

Hydrolysis of Metal Ions

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Interfacial Tension Hysteresis of Eutectic Gallium‐Indium

Hillaire,

Nithyanandam,

Song

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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When in a pristine state, gallium and its alloys have the largest interfacial tensions of any liquid at room temperature. Nonetheless, applying as little as 0.8 V of electric potential across eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) placed within aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH, or other electrolyte) solution will cause the metal to behave as if its interfacial tension is near zero. The mechanism behind this phenomenon has remained poorly understood because NaOH dissolves the oxide species, making it difficult to directly measure the concentration, thickness, or chemical composition of the film that forms at the interface. In addition, the oxide layers formed are atomically‐thin. Here, it presents a suite of techniques that allow to simultaneously measure both electrical and interfacial properties as a function of applied electric potential, allowing for new insights into the mechanisms, which cause the dramatic decrease in interfacial tension. A key discovery from this work is that the interfacial tension displays hysteresis while lowering the applied potential. It combines these observations with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to evaluate how these changes in interfacial tension arise from chemical, electrical, and mechanical changes on the interface, and close with ideas for how to build a free energy model to predict these changes from first principles.

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Gallium speciation in aqueous solution. Experimental study and modelling: Part 1. Thermodynamic properties of Ga(OH)4− to 300°C

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

The structure of hyperalkaline aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of gallium – a solution X-ray diffraction and computational study

The structure of hyperalkaline aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of gallium – a solution X-ray diffraction and computational study

Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium

Interfacial Tension Hysteresis of Eutectic Gallium‐Indium

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