Gambling in the Mist of Economic Crisis: Results From Three National Prevalence Studies From Iceland

Ólason, Daníel Þór; Hayer, Tobias; Brosowski, Tim; Meyer, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/s10899-015-9523-4

Cited by 56 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…More recently, another study was conducted by Olason, Hayer, Brosowski, and Meyer (2015) with 1,887 individuals aged 18–74 years. 0.8% of the respondents were problem gamblers according to the PGSI (8+), with a further 1.7% being considered as moderate-risk gamblers (PGSI 3–7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problem gambling was more likely to occur among men (e.g., Abbott et al., 2014; Bondolfi et al., 2000; Bonke & Borregaard, 2006; Brodbeck et al., 2009; Castrén et al., 2013; Çakici, 2012; Druine et al., 2006; Ekholm et al., 2012; Götestam & Johansson, 2003; Kun et al., 2012; Olason et al. 2015; Orford, Wardle, Griffiths, Sproston, & Erens, 2010; Raisamo et al., 2014; Sassen et al., 2011), single or divorced individuals (Bakken et al., 2009; Bonke & Borregaard, 2006; Çakici, 2012; Druine et al., 2006; Makarovič, 2010; Olason & Gretarsson, 2009; Wardle et al., 2011), individuals of a younger age (Abbott et al., 2014; Bondolfi et al., 2000; Costes et al., 2011; Ekholm et al., 2012; Götestam & Johansson, 2003; Kun et al., 2012; Laanso & Niit, 2009; Olason et al., 2015), individuals with a lower level of education (Abbott et al., 2014; Bakken et al., 2009; Costes et al., 2015; Meyer et al., 2015; Olason & Gretarsson, 2009), individuals that belong to an ethnic minority (Goudriaan, de Bruin, & Koeter, 2009; Makarovič, 2010; Seabury & Wardle, 2014; Wardle et al., 2011) or who had been born abroad (Abbott et al., 2014; Bakken et al., 2009; Meyer et al., 2015), and individuals unemployed or with a low income (Castrén et al., 2013; Costes et al., 2015; Druine et al., 2006; Goudriaan et al., 2009; Ilkas & Turja, 2003; Kun et al., 2012; Meyer et al., 2015; Sassen et al., 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000–2015)

2016

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Background and aimsProblem gambling has been identified as an emergent public health issue, and there is a need to identify gambling trends and to regularly update worldwide gambling prevalence rates. This paper aims to review recent research on adult gambling and problem gambling (since 2000) and then, in the context of a growing liberalization of the gambling market in the European Union, intends to provide a more detailed analysis of adult gambling behavior across European countries.MethodsA systematic literature search was carried out using academic databases, Internet, and governmental websites.ResultsFollowing this search and utilizing exclusion criteria, 69 studies on adult gambling prevalence were identified. These studies demonstrated that there are wide variations in past-year problem gambling rates across different countries in the world (0.12–5.8%) and in Europe (0.12–3.4%). However, it is difficult to directly compare studies due to different methodological procedures, instruments, cut-offs, and time frames. Despite the variability among instruments, some consistent results with regard to demographics were found.Discussion and conclusionThe findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring of problem gambling prevalence rates in order to examine the influence of cultural context on gambling patterns, assess the effectiveness of policies on gambling-related harms, and establish priorities for future research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000–2015)

2016

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“…The availability of gambling has increased as a result of new types of games, especially with the use of the Internet and mobile electronic devices (Olason, Hayer, Brosowski, & Meyer, 2015;St-Pierre, Walker, Derevensky, & Gupta, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

What makes people with gambling disorder undergo treatment? Patient and professional perspectives

Wieczorek

Dąbrowska

2018

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

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Aims: The aim of the article is to identify factors which bring people with gambling disorder to undergo treatment. We are interested in exploring motives that trigger change; identifying factors determining choice of facility; recognising barriers and facilitators appearing during treatment. Design: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Poland with people with gambling disorder, as well as with social workers, therapists, General Practitioners (GP) and psychiatrists. Purposive sampling was applied in selecting respondents. In total, 90 interviews were completed. Results: Internal and external motives that trigger change were identified. Among the internal motives were individuals' own reflections often combined with a sense of guilt, and among the external motives, pressure from significant others, financial problems, law problems and somatic and mental problems. The choice of facility was made by those suffering from gambling disorder or by close family members. Factors which influenced the choice of clinics were availability (distance to the facility, sessions schedule), quality of infrastructure, assured anonymity, opinions on provided assistance, the renown of such a facility, apparent experience in treatment of gambling disorder, and the context behind the problems experienced. Individual (related to emotions and convictions,) and structural barriers (related to the treatment offer, infrastructure, personnel, and

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“…A repeated cross-sectional gambling study, incorporating data from both before and after the Icelandic economic meltdown in 2008 ( N = 8.249), examined the effects of the economic crisis on participation in 11 different types of gambling as well as problem gambling (Olason et al, 2015). Firstly, the findings revealed a modest increase in problematic gambling over the study period, but further examination of the data suggested that this was most likely due to an increase in card and Internet gambling among young men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in 2011 two studies were conducted, a third cross-sectional study and the present follow-up study on participants who had taken part in a gambling study from 2007. This gave us the possibility to compare findings on changes in gambling behavior from 2007 to 2011 between two different research designs (see Olason et al, 2015, for the results of the repeated cross-sectional study). Using follow-up data, the main aim of this study is to examine the potential changes in gambling participation and problematic gambling among the Icelandic population before (2007) and after (2011) the economic crisis in 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Recession Affects Gambling Participation But Not Problematic Gambling: Results from a Population-Based Follow-up Study

et al. 2017

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In October 2008, Iceland experienced the fastest and deepest financial crisis recorded in modern times when all three major banks went bankrupt in less than 2 weeks. The purpose of this follow-up study is to examine potential changes in participation in 12 different gambling types and in problem gambling before (time 1; year 2007) and after (time 2; year 2011) the economic collapse in 2008. The time between the first and second wave of data collection was 3.5 years. In total, 1,531 participants took part in the study, 688 males and 843 females. There was a considerable increase in past year gambling behavior from 2007 to 2011, mostly due to increased participation in lotto (National lotto and Viking lotto) but also in bingo, monthly lotteries (class lotteries with at least monthly draw) and scratch tickets. Only EGMs (electronic gaming machines) participation declined significantly between the two timepoints. Examining past year problematic gambling figures revealed that there were no changes in the prevalence figures between the year 2007 (1.2%) and 2011 (1.1%). Further examination revealed that those who reported financial difficulties due to the recession were more likely to buy lotto- or scratch tickets during the recession than those who were not financially affected by the crisis. These findings remained after controlling for background variables and baseline gambling activity (gambling in 2007). Overall, the findings of the follow-up study suggest that when people are experiencing financial difficulties during economic recessions, the possibility to improve their financial situation by winning large jackpots with low initial stakes becomes more enticing.

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Gambling in the Mist of Economic Crisis: Results From Three National Prevalence Studies From Iceland

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000–2015)

Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000–2015)

What makes people with gambling disorder undergo treatment? Patient and professional perspectives

Economic Recession Affects Gambling Participation But Not Problematic Gambling: Results from a Population-Based Follow-up Study

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