Summary.We discuss how decentralized network resource allocation problems fit within the context of mechanism design (realization theory and implementation theory), and how mechanism design can provide useful insight into the nature of decentralized network resource allocation problems. The discussion is guided by the unicast problem with routing and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, and the multi-rate multicast service provisioning problem in networks. For these problems we present decentralized resource allocation mechanisms that achieve the solution of the corresponding centralized resource allocation problem and are informationally efficient. We show how the aforementioned mechanisms can be embedded into the general framework of realization theory, and indicate how realization theory can be used to establish the mechanisms' informational efficiency in certain instances. We also present a conjecture related to implementation in Nash equilibria of the optimal centralized solution of the unicast service provisioning problem.
Introduction: Motivation and ChallengesToday's fast paced world requires a vast amount of information exchange in order to operate efficiently. With the various technological advances the number of types of services being offered (e.g. telephone connections, live audio broadcasting, live video broadcasting, library database access, e-mail, world wide web), is constantly increasing. Each type of service imposes different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements (e.g. delay, percentage of data packet loss, jitter) on the delivery methods. To address these needs extensive communication networks were developed in the past century. Many of these networks (such as telephone networks) were initially designed for the delivery of certain types of information and were later adapted to accommodate new information exchange needs.Most of today's networks, called integrated services networks, support the delivery of a variety of services to their users. One of the main challenges in integrated services networks is the design of resource allocation strategies which guarantee the