Gamma and proton radiation effects in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers: active and passive measurements

Rose, Todd S.; Gunn, David S. D.; Valley, George C.

doi:10.1109/50.971685

Cited by 89 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since EDFA gain and power in the preamplifier are inexpensive, they are a cost-effective means of achieving near quantum-limited receiver sensitivity over a wide range of data rates and modulation formats. Furthermore, rare-earth-doped EDFA and YDFA technologies have been shown to be robust in the space environment [198,204,380,409], making it the present technology of choice for future space-based applications. Methods of optimizing preamplified RX performance are discussed in the next section.…”

Section: Optically Preamplified Direct Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A representative TX and RX pair suitable for long-term use in space [21,198,380,409] that can achieve the performance in the budget above is a Master-Oscillator-Power Amplifier (MOPA) transmitter with an optically preamplified receiver [15]. QuasiGaussian 50%-RZ pulse-shaping in the transmitter is used to ensure a robust match between the TX-waveforms and the Gaussian optical filter in the RX and minimize the impact of timing jitter [14], with demonstrated performance within 1 dB of the quantum limit [13,133].…”

Section: Applications: To the Moon And Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser communication transmitter and receiver design

Caplan

2007

J Optic Comm Rep

118

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Free-space laser communication systems have the potential to provide flexible, high-speed connectivity suitable for long-haul intersatellite and deep-space links. For these applications, power-efficient transmitter and receiver designs are essential for cost-effective implementation. State-of-the-art designs can leverage many of the recent advances in optical communication technologies that have led to global wideband fiber-optic networks with multiple Tbit/s capacities. While spectral efficiency has long been a key design parameter in the telecommunications industry, the many THz of excess channel bandwidth in the optical regime can be used to improve receiver sensitivities where photon efficiency is a design driver. Furthermore, the combination of excess bandwidth and average-power-limited optical transmitters has led to a new paradigm in transmitter and receiver design that can extend optimized performance of a single receiver to accommodate multiple data rates. This paper discusses state-of-the-art optical transmitter and receiver designs that are particularly well suited for average-power-limited photon-starved links where channel bandwidth is readily available. For comparison, relatively simple direct-detection systems used in short terrestrial or fiber optic links are discussed, but emphasis is placed on mature high-performance photon-efficient systems and commercially available technologies suitable for operation in space. The fundamental characteristics of optical sources, modulators, amplifiers, detectors, and associated noise sources are reviewed along with some of the unique properties that distinguish laser communication systems and components from their RF counterparts. Also addressed is the interplay between modulation format, transmitter waveform, and receiver design, as well as practical tradeoffs and implementation considerations that arise from using various technologies.

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Section: Optically Preamplified Direct Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications: To the Moon And Beyondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser communication transmitter and receiver design

Caplan

2007

J Optic Comm Rep

118

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“…As result, Er/Yb-codoped fibers rather than Er-doped ones should be considered to design the most radiation tolerant amplifiers. A limited number of studies concerning the responses of optically pumped RE-doped fibers and amplifiers [9]- [13], i.e., in active configuration, was proposed in literature. M. Alam et al [12] and.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Radiation-Hardened Rare-Earth Doped Amplifiers Through a Coupled Experiment/Simulation Approach

Girard

Mescia²,

Vivona

et al. 2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-We present an approach coupling a limited experimental number of tests with numerical simulations regarding the design of radiation-hardened (RH) rare earth (RE)-doped fiber amplifiers. Radiation tests are done on RE-doped fiber samples in order to measure and assess the values of the principal input parameters requested by the simulation tool based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach. The proposed simulation procedure is validated by comparing the calculation results with the measured degradations of two amplifiers made with standard and RH RE-doped optical fibers, respectively. After validation, the numerical code is used to theoretically investigate the influence of some amplifier design parameters on its sensitivity to radiations. Simulations show that the RE-doped fiber length used in the amplifier needs to be adjusted to optimize the amplifier performance over the whole space mission profile rather than to obtain the maximal amplification efficiency before its integration in the harsh environment. By combining this coupled approach with the newly-developed RH RE-doped fibers, fiber-based amplifiers nearly insensitive to space environment may be designed in the future.

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“…The poor RIA performance of Phosphorous doped fibers is well known [4][5][6]. Other dopants such as Al [6][7][8], Ge [4,6] and B [5] have also been found to show detrimental effects to fiber performance under the influence of radiation. As a result of this, a favourable fiber composition is that of a Pure Silica Core (PSC) fiber.…”

Section: Icso 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation tolerant passive and active optical fiber products for use in space environments

Hill

Hankey

Gray

2017

International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2014

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This paper reports the radiation performance results of several new product types designed for high radiation environments. The products tested include radiation hardened highly birefringent (HiBi) passive products for polarised applications and radiation tolerant active erbium doped fiber products for amplifiers.Radiation hardened, short beatlength HiBi fiber products have been developed for high accuracy polarisation maintaining (PM) gyros and sensors at both 1310nm and 1550nm operation in the space environment. The fibers have been tested up to 5kGy (500krad) -levels which could be expected in extreme, extra-terrestrial space environments. Results show a consistently low Radiation Induced Attenuation (RIA) of <7dB/km at 5kGy, giving a RIA value of 1.37×10-2 dB/km/krad at 1550nm for this product range.Radiation tolerant EDF AstroGain™ fibers are intended for use in multichannel amplifiers in optical intersatellite communications. The structure of the fibers have been designed to deliver an accelerated recovery of radiation damage through photo-annealing using only the residual energy already available in an amplifier using a 980nm pumping regime. These products have been tested up to 200Gy (20krad) -levels which can be expected in Earth orbit environments over a 20-30 mission lifetime. Results show up to 100% recovery under continuous use for dose rates of 0.11rad/hr. It has also been demonstrated through analysis of the optical spectral output that this effect reverses the gain tilt, or spectral narrowing, induced by radiation damage through the C and L band. These combined fiber characteristics allow performance stability of the amplifier over the lifetime of the space mission.

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Gamma and proton radiation effects in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers: active and passive measurements

Cited by 89 publications

References 14 publications

Laser communication transmitter and receiver design

Laser communication transmitter and receiver design

Design of Radiation-Hardened Rare-Earth Doped Amplifiers Through a Coupled Experiment/Simulation Approach

Radiation tolerant passive and active optical fiber products for use in space environments

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