Gamma-dose rates from terrestrial and Chernobyl radionuclides inside and outside settlements in the Bryansk Region, Russia in 1996–2003

Рамзаев, В. П.; Yonehara, Hidenori; Hille, R.; Barkovsky, A. N.; Mishine, Arkady; Sahoo, Sarat Kumar; Kurotaki, Katsumi; Uchiyama, Masafumi

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.04.014

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The average residual ground contamination by 137 Cs was estimated as 396 kBq m -2 in 2014 [22]. The spectrometric measurements were performed at the typical locations [2]: grassland, kitchengarden, yard, street and forest (Table 5). For comparison, measurements were also made at a less contaminated site in the Bryansk region, Zatishie, where the average level of ground contamination in 2014 was only 41 kBq m -2 [22].…”

Section: Additional In-house Calibration and Field Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional uncertainties of the ADER evaluation using the AC eff data may be associated with variations in vertical distributions of radionuclides in soil or in its cover (e.g., asphalt, flagstones, granite gravel). It can be reasonably assumed that terrestrial radionuclides are distributed uniformly throughout a soil profile [2]. However, this assumption is hardly applicable for paved areas.…”

Section: Validation Of the Additional Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, 2007)]. The dosimeter reading in terms of ambient dose equivalent rate, Ḣ*(10), (ADER reading ) is the sum of the following major components: 1) dose rate due to the terrestrial radionuclides of 238 U series, 232 Th series and 40 K (ADER TRN ); 2) dose rate due to the directly ionizing and photon component of cosmic radiation; 3) intrinsic noise of the dosimeter; 4) dose rate due to technogenic radionuclides [1,2,3]. Additional small contribution to ADER reading can be associated with some other terrestrial radionuclides, including those of the 235 U series and 138 La, the so called "cosmogenic" natural gamma-emitting radionuclides ( 7 Be and 22 Na) and Rn progenies in the atmosphere [3,4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 K activity concentrations in soil using stationary or/and portable gamma-ray spectrometers. It can be done with: 1) soil sampling and subsequent laboratory analysis or/and 2) direct measurements in field (in situ measurements), e.g., [2,5,9,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Calibration and testing of a portable NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer-dosimeter for evaluation of terrestrial radionuclides and 137Cs contributions to ambient dose equivalent rate outdoors

Рамзаев¹,

Barkovsky²,

Bernhardsson³

et al. 2017

Radiac. gig. (2008)

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Section: Additional In-house Calibration and Field Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Of the Additional Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Calibration and testing of a portable NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer-dosimeter for evaluation of terrestrial radionuclides and 137Cs contributions to ambient dose equivalent rate outdoors

Рамзаев¹,

Barkovsky²,

Bernhardsson³

et al. 2017

Radiac. gig. (2008)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Anderson and Roed (2006) prepared estimates of doses received from drydeposited radionuclides from streets, roofs, exterior walls, and landscapes in a residential area in Bryansk, Russia. Ramzaev et al (2006) considered the contamination of a broader range of surfaces (structures, pastures, gardens, forests, roads, grass, etc. ).…”

Section: Dry Deposition Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Droppo¹

2006

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SummaryThe Department of Homeland Security and others rely on results from atmospheric dispersion models for threat evaluation, event management, and post-event analyses. The ability to simulate dry deposition rates is a crucial part of our emergency preparedness capabilities. Deposited materials pose potential hazards from radioactive shine, inhalation, and ingestion pathways. A reliable characterization of these potential exposures is critical for management and mitigation of these hazards.A review was conducted of the current status of dry deposition formulations used in these atmospheric dispersion models. The formulations for dry deposition of particulate materials considered an event such as a radiological attack involving a Radiological Detonation Device (RDD). The results of this effort are applicable to current emergency preparedness capabilities, such as are deployed in the Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment Center (IMAAC), other similar national/regional emergency response systems, and stand-alone emergency response models.The review concludes that dry deposition formulations need to consider the full range of particle sizes, including: 1) the accumulation mode range (0.1 to 1 micron in diameter) and its minimum deposition velocity, 2) smaller particles (less than 0.01 micron diameter) deposited mainly by molecular diffusion, 3) 10 to 50 micron diameter particles deposited mainly by impaction and gravitational settling, and 4) larger particles (greater than 100 micron diameter) deposited mainly by gravitational settling. The effects of the local turbulence intensity, particle characteristics, and surface element properties must also be addressed in the formulations.Specific improvements recommended for dry deposition formulations are 1) the capability of simulating near-field dry deposition patterns, 2) the capability of addressing the full range of potential particle properties, 3) the incorporation of particle surface retention/rebound processes, and 4) the development of dry deposition formulations applicable to urban areas. Also, to improve dry deposition modeling capabilities, atmospheric dispersion models in which the dry deposition formulations are imbedded need better source-term plume initialization and improved in-plume treatment of particle growth processes.Dry deposition formulations used in current models are largely inapplicable to the complex urban environment. An improved capability is urgently needed to provide surface-specific information to assess local-exposure hazard levels in both urban and non-urban areas on roads, buildings, crops, rivers, etc.A model improvement plan is developed with a near-term and far-term component. Despite some conceptual limitations, the current formulations for particle deposition based on a resistance approach have proven to be reasonable dry deposition simulations. For many models with inadequate dry deposition formulations, adding or improving a resistance approach will be the desirable near-term update. Resistance models, however, are i...

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Radionuclides in Food

Bhat

Gómez‐López

2014

Practical Food Safety

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Gamma-dose rates from terrestrial and Chernobyl radionuclides inside and outside settlements in the Bryansk Region, Russia in 1996–2003

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

Calibration and testing of a portable NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer-dosimeter for evaluation of terrestrial radionuclides and 137Cs contributions to ambient dose equivalent rate outdoors

Calibration and testing of a portable NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer-dosimeter for evaluation of terrestrial radionuclides and 137Cs contributions to ambient dose equivalent rate outdoors

Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Radionuclides in Food

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