Gamma-interferon inhibits secretin-induced choleresis and cholangiocyte proliferation in a murine model of cirrhosis

Chronic Bile Duct Injury Associated with Fibrotic Matrix Microenvironment Provokes Cholangiocarcinoma in p53-Deficient Mice

“…These results are in line with previous observations of increased bile duct proliferation in cirrhotic mouse livers and mirror similar correlative studies reporting bile duct proliferation and cirrhosis in humans (28,36). In our studies, CCl 4 exerts a uniform toxic effect on the bile duct epithelium; however, the induction of extensive bile duct proliferation coincides significantly with increasing fibrillar collagen deposition and fibrosis.…”

“…To date, intrahepatic CCA lesions occur occasionally in aflatoxin B 1 -treated p53+/À mice transgenic for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (26), and an intrahepatic CCA-prone condition has been observed in mice harboring an ErbB2 transgene expressed in the biliary tract epithelium (27). Exposure of mice to CCl 4 and alcohol results in an increase in bile duct proliferation in association with cirrhosis, fibrosis, and fibrillar ECM deposition (28), and, in humans, occupational CCl 4 exposure seems to increase the risk of intrahepatic CCA (29), perhaps due to cholangiocyte destruction and proliferation (30). Exposure of rats to CCl 4 induces such cellular effects in cholangiocytes (31).…”

Animal experiment and clinical study of effect of gamma-interferon on hepatic fibrosis

“…It is well known that collagen type I is the predominant extracellular matrix protein in fibrosis and cirrhosis but few techniques could discriminate different collagens in the same section [28,29] . We used Sirius red stain to resolve the problem as described by Zhang et al [16] .…”

Alteration of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and increased bacterial translocation in a murine model of cirrhosis

“…To induce cirrhosis, the mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) twice weekly with 0.1 ml of 25% CCl 4 in olive oil and they consumed 5% alcohol (by volume) in their drinking water for 12 weeks (cirrhosis group) according to the procedure detailed by Alpini et al [15]. Another group of mice received only olive oil IP and 5% alcohol in drinking water (alcohol group).…”

“…However, there has been a paucity of data relating to the morphological and functional changes of IELs in the intestinal mucosa of liver cirrhosis. Recently, Alpini et al established a murine model for cirrhosis by administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and ethyl alcohol [15]. As this is a reproducible model of cirrhosis in mice, we used this model to look at the effect of experimental cirrhosis on the intestinal barrier function against bacteria and the intestinal immunity focusing especially on the phenotypic composition of the IEL and the altered cytokine production within it.…”