Gamma irradiation of animal sera for inactivation of viruses and mollicutes – A review

Nims, Raymond W.; Gauvin, G.; Plavsic, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2011.05.003

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A word of caution: We have noted that small DNA viruses such as parvo-and polyomaviruses in sera are not effectively inactivated by gamma-irradiation (Lednicky and Wyatt, unpublished observations). Similar observations were recently published by others [34,35]. Knowledge over the susceptibility of cell lines to bovine parvoviruses and polyomaviruses is relatively scant.…”

Section: Serum Vs Serum-free Cell Culture Mediasupporting

confidence: 88%

The Art of Animal Cell Culture for Virus Isolation

Lednicky¹,

Wyatt²

2012

Biomedical Tissue Culture

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Section: Serum Vs Serum-free Cell Culture Mediasupporting

confidence: 88%

The Art of Animal Cell Culture for Virus Isolation

Lednicky¹,

Wyatt²

2012

Biomedical Tissue Culture

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“…The data shown in Table 4 that are considered to reflect primarily the indirect effects of gamma irradiation would not be considered representative of the efficacy of gamma irradiation in a frozen, highly scavenged matrix such as bovine serum, where the direct effects of gamma irradiation would be expected to predominate. On the basis of results obtained for other small, non-enveloped viruses [57], one might predict that the susceptibility of inactivation of caliciviruses (such as vesivirus 2117) in frozen bovine serum would be similar to that observed for picornaviruses (another family of non-enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses with similar particle sizes). If indeed this was the case, a K value of around 0.2 log 10 reduction in titer per kGy fluence would be expected for inactivation of caliciviruses in frozen serum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Caliciviruses

Nims¹,

Plavsic²

2013

Pharmaceuticals

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The Caliciviridae family of viruses contains clinically important human and animal pathogens, as well as vesivirus 2117, a known contaminant of biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes employing Chinese hamster cells. An extensive literature exists for inactivation of various animal caliciviruses, especially feline calicivirus and murine norovirus. The caliciviruses are susceptible to wet heat inactivation at temperatures in excess of 60 °C with contact times of 30 min or greater, to UV-C inactivation at fluence ≥30 mJ/cm2, to high pressure processing >200 MPa for >5 min at 4 °C, and to certain photodynamic inactivation approaches. The enteric caliciviruses (e.g.; noroviruses) display resistance to inactivation by low pH, while the non-enteric species (e.g.; feline calicivirus) are much more susceptible. The caliciviruses are inactivated by a variety of chemicals, including alcohols, oxidizing agents, aldehydes, and β-propiolactone. As with inactivation of viruses in general, inactivation of caliciviruses by the various approaches may be matrix-, temperature-, and/or contact time-dependent. The susceptibilities of the caliciviruses to the various physical and chemical inactivation approaches are generally similar to those displayed by other small, non-enveloped viruses, with the exception that the parvoviruses and circoviruses may require higher temperatures for inactivation, while these families appear to be more susceptible to UV-C inactivation than are the caliciviruses.

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“…Parvoviruses exhibit high resistance to certain physical and chemical inactivation approaches [1][2][3][4] and are often used as worstcase challenge viruses in solution inactivation efficacy studies. Less is known about the relative resistance or susceptibility of parvoviruses to inactivation on surfaces (i.e., efficacy determined in carrier studies).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the animal parvoviruses (including bovine, canine, or porcine parvovirus and minute virus of mice) have been represented in the inactivation literature as exhibiting "high resistance" [1] or "very high resistance" [2] to physico-chemical inactivation. For instance, the animal parvoviruses are considered to be the most resistant of the virus families to heat inactivation [3] and only the polyomaviruses and circoviruses appear to be more resistant to gamma irradiation [4]. The parvoviruses, particularly murine minute virus, have represented a problem for the biotechnology industry, due to recurring episodes of contamination of Chinese hamster ovary cell bioreactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%