Gamma irradiation to induce beneficial mutants in proso millet (<i>Panicum miliaceum</i> L.): an underutilized food crop

Francis, Neethu; Ravikesavan, R.; Iyanar, K.; Raveendran, M.; Chitdeshwari, T.; Alagarswamy, Senthil

doi:10.1080/09553002.2022.2024292

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This also happened to the Boyolali 200 gray assessment plant (Table II). This follows the opinion of Francis and Rajasekaran [14]. The highest plant height was found in the control plant (watering), so cell division, enlargement, and elongation went well.…”

Section: A Plant Height Dry Weight Plants and Dry Weight Rootssupporting

confidence: 87%

Growth and Physiological Study of Gamma-Induced M4 Black Rice in Stress Condition

Marâ€™atul Ula,

Purwanto,

Parjanto

2023

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

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Increased rice productivity can be achieved by producing high-yielding black rice seeds. One of the productions of superior seeds is by mutation induction using gamma-ray irradiation. Black rice has a useful content and will be produced when the plant grows in drought stress. This research aims to study the growth and physiological characteristics of black rice induced by gamma rays of 100 gray and 200 gray, as well as know the effect of drought stress on proline content, to obtain superior black rice seeds. The design was researched in the form of an experiment in the field without using a repeat sample. Black rice was planted as a screen house in Jati Village, Karanganyar. The treatment used 24 plant genotypes, namely, 10 genotypes of 100 gamma-ray irradiation and 2 control genotypes, as well as 10 genotypes of 200 gamma-ray irradiation and 2 genotypes of control. Physiological observation variables were plant height, plant dry weight, root dry weight, proline content, and leaf temperature. The results of the research on plant height growth with gamma ray irradiation resulted in shorter plant postures. Leaf temperature and proline content in plants treated with irradiation and drought stress had higher values than in control plants. M4-By-C and M4-Bt-C lines are prospective to be released as new high-yielding varieties because these lines have short stature and high proline content.

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Section: A Plant Height Dry Weight Plants and Dry Weight Rootssupporting

confidence: 87%

Growth and Physiological Study of Gamma-Induced M4 Black Rice in Stress Condition

Marâ€™atul Ula,

Purwanto,

Parjanto

2023

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

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“…Eighteen putative high-yielding mutants were forwarded to M 3 as ear-to-row progenies and evaluated for yield-contributing traits. Thirteen high-yielding families were raised in M 4 with two rows per family in a randomized blocks design (RBD) with three replications, and eight high-yielding mutant families were confirmed after evaluation ( Francis et al., 2022 ). Additionally, mutants with low yield and yield-contributing characters and contrasting panicle attributes were also forwarded and evaluated till M 4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and SNP identification using genotyping-by-sequencing in high-yielding mutants of proso millet

et al. 2023

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Proso millet (Panicummiliaceum L.) is a short-duration C4 crop that is drought tolerant and nutritionally rich and can grow well in marginal lands. Though the crop has many climate-resilient traits like tolerance to drought and heat, its yield is lower than that of common cereals like rice, wheat, and maize. Being an underutilized crop, the molecular resources in the crop are limited. The main aim of the present study was to develop and characterize contrasting mutants for yield and generate functional genomic information for the trait in proso millet. Gamma irradiation-induced mutant population was screened to identify high-yielding mutants, which were evaluated up to M4 generation. One mutant with a dense panicle and high yield (ATL_hy) and one with a lax panicle and low yield (ATL_ly) along with the wild type were sequenced using the genotyping-by-sequencing approach. The variants detected as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions–deletions (InDels) were annotated against the reference genome of proso millet. Bioinformatic analyses using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and UniProt databases were performed to elucidate genetic information related to the SNP variations. A total of 25,901, 30,335, and 31,488 SNPs, respectively, were detected in the wild type, ATL_hy mutants, and ATL_ly mutants. The total number of functional SNPs identified in high-yielding and low-yielding mutants was 84 and 171, respectively. Two functional SNPs in the high-yielding mutant (ATL_hy) and one in the low-yielding mutant (ATL_ly) corresponded to the gene coding for “E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UPL7”. Pathway mapping of the functional SNPs identified that two SNPs in ATL_ly were involved in the starch biosynthetic pathway coding for the starch synthase enzyme. This information can be further used in identifying genes responsible for various metabolic processes in proso millet and in designing useful genetic markers.

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“…Thus, the LD 50 values in small millets from earlier studies provided an understanding of the frequency of mutations induced in these genomes. Dosages of 500–600 Gy for finger millet and barnyard millet; 0.3%–0.45% EMS for finger millet, barnyard millet, and Kodo millet; 0.2% EMS for teff; 0.1 M nitrous acid in fonio millet for 4 h; and 0.03% nitrosoguanidine for finger millet induced desirable variations ( Jency et al, 2016 ; Vetriventhan et al, 2020 ; Francis et al, 2022 ). Simultaneously, the genetic resources in small millet germplasm collections were also conserved as core collections in international research institutes.…”

Section: Progress Of Crop Improvement In Small Milletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalization of small millets for nutritional and food security by advanced genetics and genomics approaches

et al. 2023

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Small millets, also known as nutri-cereals, are smart foods that are expected to dominate food industries and diets to achieve nutritional security. Nutri-cereals are climate resilient and nutritious. Small millet-based foods are becoming popular in markets and are preferred for patients with celiac and diabetes. These crops once ruled as food and fodder but were pushed out of mainstream cultivation with shifts in dietary habits to staple crops during the green revolution. Nevertheless, small millets are rich in micronutrients and essential amino acids for regulatory activities. Hence, international and national organizations have recently aimed to restore these lost crops for their desirable traits. The major goal in reviving these crops is to boost the immune system of the upcoming generations to tackle emerging pandemics and disease infestations in crops. Earlier periods of civilization consumed these crops, which had a greater significance in ethnobotanical values. Along with nutrition, these crops also possess therapeutic traits and have shown vast medicinal use in tribal communities for the treatment of diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and gastrointestinal issues. This review highlights the significance of small millets, their values in cultural heritage, and their prospects. Furthermore, this review dissects the nutritional and therapeutic traits of small millets for developing sustainable diets in near future.

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Gamma irradiation to induce beneficial mutants in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.): an underutilized food crop

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Growth and Physiological Study of Gamma-Induced M4 Black Rice in Stress Condition

Growth and Physiological Study of Gamma-Induced M4 Black Rice in Stress Condition

Molecular characterization and SNP identification using genotyping-by-sequencing in high-yielding mutants of proso millet

Revitalization of small millets for nutritional and food security by advanced genetics and genomics approaches

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