Gamma Ray Attenuation Coefficient of Microalloyed Stainless Steel

Akkurt, I.; Akyıldırım, Hakan; Çalık, Adnan; Aytar, Ömer Bariş; Uçar, N.

doi:10.1007/s13369-010-0013-9

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In literature, the µ values of Pb were measured as 0.618 cm -1 [3] and 0.616 cm -1 [22] Co -ray source is slightly over 0.4 cm -1 and boriding treatment and Ni concentration increases µ. From these results, one concluded that the borided Fe-Ni binary alloys show an appropriate radiation shielding performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…On the other hand, in recent years, boron has been used as an alternative for radiation shielding, although heavy metals such as Pb have been used for this purpose [4,5,10,11]. In relation to this, it has been shown that the borided AISI 316L and microalloyed stainless steels, especially in the middle energy region, have radiation shielding properties that are similar to those of Pb, the standard shielding material [3,4]. In these studies, it was clearly seen that the radiation shielding properties of steels were improved with a boriding process.…”

Section: Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies showed that the degree to which gamma radiation is attenuated is dependent upon the energy of the incident gamma radiation, the atomic number and density of the elements in the shielding material, and the thickness of the shielding [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Carbon steels or stainless steels, as lead (Pb), have been commonly used as materials for thermal and radiation shields [2,3,[7][8][9]. Corresponding to this, it has been found that the measured effective linear attenuation coefficient (µ) of carbon steel gives an average value of 0.340 cm -1 [2].…”

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confidence: 99%

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RADIATION SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF BORIDED Fe-Ni ALLOYS.

Uçar¹

2018

IJAR

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In this study, the radiation shielding properties of borided Fe-Ni binary alloys (Ni-60 wt.% and Ni-80 wt.%) have been investigated. For this purpose, linear attenuation coefficients at photon energy levels of 662 keV, 1173 keV and 1332 keV have been measured. The results showed that this alloy can be considered as an ideal material for radiation shielding against gamma radiation. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-In areas where people are likely to encounter ionizing radiation, it is often necessary to provide shielding to reduce exposure to gamma radiation [1]. The studies showed that the degree to which gamma radiation is attenuated is dependent upon the energy of the incident gamma radiation, the atomic number and density of the elements in the shielding material, and the thickness of the shielding [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Carbon steels or stainless steels, as lead (Pb), have been commonly used as materials for thermal and radiation shields [2,3,[7][8][9]. Corresponding to this, it has been found that the measured effective linear attenuation coefficient (µ) of carbon steel gives an average value of 0.340 cm -1 [2]. On the other hand, in recent years, boron has been used as an alternative for radiation shielding, although heavy metals such as Pb have been used for this purpose [4,5,10,11]. In relation to this, it has been shown that the borided AISI 316L and microalloyed stainless steels, especially in the middle energy region, have radiation shielding properties that are similar to those of Pb, the standard shielding material [3,4]. In these studies, it was clearly seen that the radiation shielding properties of steels were improved with a boriding process.Magnetic iron-nickel (Fe-Ni) alloys, generally called permalloys, are of great interest in many industrial applications due to their ductility and versatility as soft magnetic alloys [12]. Although many papers on the magnetic properties of permalloys and the effect of boriding on the microstructure and microhardness profiles of boridedpermalloys have been published [13][14][15], especially, the radiation shielding behaviour has not yet been reported in the literature. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the radiation shielding behaviour of borided Fe-Ni binary alloys (Ni-60 wt.% and Ni-80 wt.%).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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RADIATION SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF BORIDED Fe-Ni ALLOYS.

Uçar¹

2018

IJAR

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“…Hence, investigating the radioactive behaviour and shielding properties of these materials against X-rays and gamma rays is important. Previous studies have examined the behaviour of the attenuation properties of different types of stainless materials at varying photon energies [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Low gamma-ray energies have been widely used in practical radiography and medical diagnoses, where the interaction of gamma rays depends on the photon energy and the composition of materials, that is, the atomic numbers of elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Gamma Radiation Properties of Four Types of Surgical Stainless Steel in the Energy Range of 17.50–25.29 keV

Marashdeh

Al-Hamarneh

2021

Materials

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In this study, the gamma radiation properties of four types of surgical-grade stainless steel (304, 304L, 316 and 316L) were investigated. The effective atomic number Zeff, effective electron density Neff and half-value layer (HVL) of four types of surgical-grade stainless steel were determined via the mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ). The μ/ρ coefficients were determined experimentally using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique and theoretically via the WinXCOM program. The Kα1 of XRF photons in the energy range between 17.50 and 25.29 keV was used from pure metal plates of molybdenum (Mo), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag) and tin (Sn). A comparison between the experimental and theoretical values of μ/ρ revealed that the experimental values were lower than the theoretical calculations. The relative differences between the theoretical and experimental values were found to decrease with increasing photon energy. The lowest percentage difference between the experimental and theoretical values of μ/ρ was between −6.17% and −9.76% and was obtained at a photon energy of 25.29 keV. Sample 316L showed the highest value of μ/ρ at the energies 21.20, 22.19 and 25.29 keV. In addition, the measured results of Zeff and Neff for all samples behaved similarly in the given energy range and were found to be in good agreement with the calculations. The equivalent atomic number (Zeff) of the investigated stainless-steel samples was calculated using the interpolation method to compare the samples at the same source energy. The 316L stainless steel had higher values of μ/ρ, Zeff and Zeq and lower values of HVL compared with the other samples. Therefore, it is concluded that the 316L sample is more effective in absorbing gamma radiation.

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“…When the interaction increase, more scattered photons will be produced. Therefore the scattered intensity increases when the density of material increases [11]. A specific name is given to the thickness at which half the radiation is either absorbed or scattered and the other half passes through the material, this thickness is called the half thickness.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Attenuation Properties of Liquid Materials by Gamma Absorption-Scattering Method

Umar¹,

Saidu²,

Aliyu³

et al. 2022

IJRIAS

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In this work, a system for the characterization of materials using transmission and scattering of gamma rays is described and used to assess the attenuation properties of some liquid materials. The apparatus consists of a 45 mCi point source of 124Am and thin NaI (Tl) detector. Measurements are presented for sucrose solutions with densities ranging from 1 to 1.86 g/cm3. For the absorbance, the solution Z (0.66 g/cm3) with the lowest density has higher absorption with chances to attenuate more than some higher density absorber solution like the sucrose (1.37 g/cm3) while sucrose (1.86 g/cm3) solution with the highest density possessing highest absorption and attenuation capabilities. This however did not fully accord to the conformity with the theory in low-density absorber which will give rise to less attenuation than a high-density absorber since the chances of an interaction between the radiation and the atoms of the absorber are relatively lower. Consequently, the variation of the ratio of scattered and transmitted intensity against the density of the solutions display some arbitrary dependence with energy of the photons interacting with the density of the absorber solution with some little deviation to the exact ideal scattering and transmission case. With gamma rays, most likely the scattering is in the forward direction and that the probability of scattering backwards or in larger angles is relatively constant as the angle approaches 90.

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Gamma Ray Attenuation Coefficient of Microalloyed Stainless Steel

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

RADIATION SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF BORIDED Fe-Ni ALLOYS.

RADIATION SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF BORIDED Fe-Ni ALLOYS.

Evaluation of Gamma Radiation Properties of Four Types of Surgical Stainless Steel in the Energy Range of 17.50–25.29 keV

Investigation of Attenuation Properties of Liquid Materials by Gamma Absorption-Scattering Method

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