Gamma Ray Irradiation for Crop Protection Against Salt Stress

Abstract

Legumes have tremendous dietary value for human nutrition. However, the productivity of food legumes is always compromised owing to their insufficient ability to tolerate abiotic stresses such as drought or water logging, marginal soil, low/high temperatures and salt stress. Stress induces changes at the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular level which are consequently manifested in terms of reduced seed yield and quality. Salt stress is one of the most important constraints to crop production particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Low dose of ionising radiation like gamma ray is reported to induce growth and several other physiological attributes in non-legume and legume crops. Relationship between seed gamma irradiation and salinity stress response could be related to favourable maintenance of gas exchange attributes (P n , g s and E), 14 C partitioning, activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and POX), membrane stability index (MSI) K+ to Na+ ratio, proline and glycine betaine content. One or more mechanisms may contribute simultaneously towards salt tolerance response of crop plants. The present review critically analyses the effect of gamma ray irradiation on growth and development of legumes under salt stress and evaluates the contribution of various physiological and biochemical mechanisms towards radiation mediated alleviation of salt stress response.

A Review of Integrative Omic Approaches for Understanding Rice Salt Response Mechanisms

“…These mutants will be the most useful for future research into the novel genes that regulate biomass and yield traits under saline conditions. Gamma irradiation is a valuable tool for increasing genetic variability, which may result in improved traits without changing crop phenotype [ 125 ]. Both functional genomic and metagenomic techniques are highly beneficial in terms of rice growth, yield improvement and salt resistance.…”

Pea response to salt and thermal stresses in dependence of preliminary ionizing radiation impact

“…Це можна пояснити тим, що низькі дози іонізуючої радіації сприяють збільшенню експресії генів, які регулюють активність антиоксидантних ферментів, концентрацію осмолітів і компонентів стресових сигнальних систем [11]. Попереднє іонізуюче опромінення проростків активізувало захисні механізми рослин, що дало їм змогу легше перенести подальші дії іншими стресорами, підвищило до них стійкість [6]. Підтвердження цього ми можемо спостерігати на прикладі груп, що перебувають під впливом гіпертермії та сольового стресу, проте перед цим опромінених у дозі 10 Гр.…”