Ganciclovir and Hyperimmunoglobulin for Treating Cytomegalovirus Infection in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Aulitzky, Walter E.; Tilg, Herbert; Niederwieser, Dietger; Hackl, Michael; Meister, Bernhard; Huber, Christoph

doi:10.1093/infdis/158.2.488a

Cited by 17 publications

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“…Infections caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) are widely responsible for complications and mortality following or gan transplantations [1], Despite the growing importance of these infections, no decisive progress has been made to date with regard to the treatment of CMV infections. A few studies showed that the course of CMV infections can be ameliorated, if immunoglobulin with a high CMV antibody content is given prophylactically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Millendorfer¹,

Scriba²,

Bachmayer³

et al. 1991

Vox Sanguinis

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By selecting blood donors with high cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody titres, a plasma pool was obtained which was used to produce an IgG hyperimmunoglobulin by means of pepsin fractionation. After administration of approximately 100 mg/kg body weight to healthy subjects, the time course both of anti-CMV IgG antibody titres by ELISA and of virus neutralisation (VN) titres was followed for 15 days. Seronegative subjects showed an increase in CMV-IgG antibodies as well as a significant enhancement of VN. The time course of both titres was non-uniform. The decline of both titres was biphasic: CMV-IgG antibodies fell slowly during the first week and remained unchanged thereafter, whereas VN titres decreased markedly faster in the first than in the second week. In seropositive subjects, on the other hand, VN remained unchanged. CMV-IgG antibodies increased by approximately 3 times, followed by a similar biphasic decline as seen in seronegative subjects. Due to the differences between seronegative and seropositive subjects and to the non- uniform time course, no calculations of the elimination rate were feasible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Millendorfer¹,

Scriba²,

Bachmayer³

et al. 1991

Vox Sanguinis

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Treatment and Prophylaxis of Cytomegalovirus Disease

Levinson,

Jacobson

1992

Pharmacotherapy

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The diseases caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) may threaten the life or sight of immunocompromised individuals such as patients undergoing transplantation and those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The management of CMV disease can be difficult. The antiviral agents ganciclovir and foscarnet are effective against CMV retinitis and gastrointestinal diseases, although dose‐limiting adverse effects and the need for long‐term maintenance therapy may hinder their use in many patients. When used to treat CMV pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant recipients, ganciclovir alone is not as effective as when it is combined with immune globulin. Since CMV disease can be fatal, several protocols have been developed for the transplant patient population, including administration of acyclovir, ganciclovir, screened blood products, and immune globulins.

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Antiviral effect of antileukemic drugs N⁴‐Behenoyl‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (BH‐AC) and 2,2′‐Anhydro‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cyclo‐C) Against Human Cytomegalovirus

Nakamura

Eizuru

Kumura

et al. 1990

Journal of Medical Virology

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The antiviral activities of antileukemic drugs 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cytarabine; Ara-C), 2,2'-anhydro-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ancitabine; Cyclo-C), and N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Enocitabine; BH-AC) were evaluated in vitro against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in comparison with those of five other antiviral drugs. Both Ara-C and Cyclo-C showed the strongest inhibitory effect to HCMV. BH-AC inhibited the replication of HCMV and depicted almost as the same dose-response curve as Ganciclovir (DHPG). In the presence of Ara-C, Cyclo-C, or BH-AC, triphosphate forms of the nucleoside analogs were detected in the HCMV-infected cells, and synthesis of HCMV DNA was strongly suppressed. Thus, Ara-C, Cyclo-C, and BH-AC were not only antileukemic, but also antiviral in vitro. However, Ara-C and Cyclo-C may not be suitable as anti-HCMV agents, because they are cytotoxic or excreted rapidly in the urine in vivo [Van Voris, 1984; Hirayama et al., 1974]. Because of lower toxicity and longer retention in vivo, BH-AC may be expected as an anti-HCMV agent in patients with leukemia, in addition to serving as an antileukemic drug.

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Ganciclovir and Hyperimmunoglobulin for Treating Cytomegalovirus Infection in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Cited by 17 publications

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Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Treatment and Prophylaxis of Cytomegalovirus Disease

Antiviral effect of antileukemic drugs N⁴‐Behenoyl‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (BH‐AC) and 2,2′‐Anhydro‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cyclo‐C) Against Human Cytomegalovirus

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Ganciclovir and Hyperimmunoglobulin for Treating Cytomegalovirus Infection in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Pharmacokinetics of an Anti-Cytomegalovirus Hyperimmunoglobulin after Single Intravenous Administration to Healthy Volunteers

Treatment and Prophylaxis of Cytomegalovirus Disease

Antiviral effect of antileukemic drugs N4‐Behenoyl‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (BH‐AC) and 2,2′‐Anhydro‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cyclo‐C) Against Human Cytomegalovirus

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Antiviral effect of antileukemic drugs N⁴‐Behenoyl‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (BH‐AC) and 2,2′‐Anhydro‐1‐β‐D‐Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cyclo‐C) Against Human Cytomegalovirus