“…The bioactivities of FIPs either derived from edible or medicinal mushrooms, their roles have been qualitatively determined to inhibit cancer (Li et al 2017 ; Lin et al 2021 ; Li et al 2022 ), hemagglutinate blood cells, and selectively enhance the expression of mRNA of cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12) in spleen cells and in human peripheral blood lymphocytes [other roles have been reviewed by Lin et al ( 2022 )]. Therefore, FIPs are good candidates for developing novel drugs or new types of functional food supplements for treating and preventing different kinds of diseases including cancer, etc.…”