Ganoderma lucidum: Current advancements of characteristic components and experimental progress in anti-liver fibrosis

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum, Lingzhi) is a well-known herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological effects. Studies have found that G. lucidum has pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, antitumor, anti-aging, anti-liver fibrosis, and immunomodulation. The main active components of G. lucidum include triterpenoids, polysaccharides, sterols, peptides and other bioactive components. Among them, the triterpenoids and polysaccharide components of G. lucidum have a wide range of anti-liver fibrotic effects. Currently, there have been more reviews and studies on the antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-aging properties of G. lucidum. Based on the current trend of increasing number of liver fibrosis patients in the world, we summarized the role of G.lucidum extract in anti-liver fibrosis and the effect of G. lucidum extract on liver fibrosis induced by different pathogenesis, which were discussed and analyzed. Research and development ideas and references are provided for the subsequent application of G. lucidum extracts in anti-liver fibrosis treatment.

Ganoderma lucidum: Novel Insight into Hepatoprotective Potential with Mechanisms of Action

“…ALT is a crucial enzyme for liver fibrosis, which leads to catalyzing the transamination process. Liver fibrosis is directly influenced by the increase in enzyme activity [17,66]. These enzyme levels were noticeably greater in the FA group, but they were also noticeably lower after treatment with G. lucidum.…”

“…Nevertheless, substantial evidence suggests a number of mechanisms which include radical-scavenging behavior, antioxidant properties, the modulation of hepatic enzymes, β-glucuronidase inhibition, antiviral and antifibrotic activity, hepatocellular cal-cium maintenance, homeostasis, the production of nitric oxide and the impacts of immunomodulation. Its molecular mechanisms as well as bioactive constituents should be researched to further enhance the management of hepatic diseases and chemically induced hepatic complications [17,37,[48][49][50]. The various activities that G. lucidum exhibits against different hepatic disorders are compiled in Table 1.…”

“…The term "liver diseases" is used to describe a broad range of illnesses that prevent or impair the liver's ability to operate. Recent studies have found that G. lucidum has a variety of hepatoprotective effects on liver illnesses, including alcoholic liver disease [15], viral hepatitis [16], NAFLD [4], fibrosis [17], hepatic cancer [8], CCl4 and amanitin-induced liver injury, etc. [18].…”

“…Therefore, a natural alternative with fewer side effects is needed. The biologically active constituents of G. lucidum are a promising approach to surmount such challenges and provide a potential natural hepatoprotective agent [17].…”

Spore Oil-Functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles Protect Pancreatic Beta Cells from Palmitic Acid-Induced Apoptosis via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptotic Pathways

“…Ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO) is mainly derived from Ganoderma lucidum , which has anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, and anticerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury effects [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] as well as the ability to scavenge oxidizing free radicals in the body. The main biologically active components of GLSO are unsaturated fatty acids, triterpenoids, polysaccharides, and steroids [ 13 , 14 ]. In the process of the bioutilization of GLSO, these functional components are preferentially oxidized, which prevents the organism from being attacked by oxidizing free radicals, thereby playing an antioxidant role.…”