Gap closure in a cold metal halide lamp

Lay, Brian; Rauf, Shahid; Kushner, Mark J.

doi:10.1109/tps.2002.1003988

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This allows the Einstein relation (6) to be used for the electrons as well. In equation (8) the electron energy flux Γ ε is obtained from [6,21]: 5 3 µ e En e ε − 5 3 n e D e ∇ε (9) in which the first term on the left-hand side is the hydrodynamic flux of enthalpy and the second term the heat conduction flux.…”

Section: Volume Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breakdown is important for many applications of plasma physics. Some examples of applications in which breakdown is an issue are: coronas used in pollution control [7], plasma display panels [8], (re)ignition of high intensity discharge lamps [9], hollow cathode devices for extreme ultraviolet production [10] and improvement of fluorescent lamps [11]. Recent research focusing on what happens on breakdown timescales has involved mostly theory and modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A model study of propagation of the first ionization wave during breakdown in a straight tube containing argon

Brok

Dijk

Bowden

et al. 2003

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanisms responsible for the propagation of the first anode directed ionization wave that occurs in a straight discharge tube during breakdown are studied by means of a fluid model. The discharge tube contains argon at a pressure of a few Torr and is operated at a dc voltage with the cathode heated to thermal electron emission temperatures. The two-dimensional model incorporates continuity and momentum equations for the electrons, for several effective excited states and for the ions, a balance equation for the electron energy and the Poisson equation. The model is capable of describing the first ionization front in a way that is qualitatively consistent with observations made in experiments. The mechanisms behind the breakdown evolution are investigated by considering the temporal and spatial evolution of the quantities described by the model. Previously, researchers have described this breakdown evolution in terms of an RC-line circuit. The validity of this picture is surveyed by considering the distribution of charges within the lamp. The effect of control parameters on the breakdown process and the assumptions that affect the validity of the model for later stages in breakdown are considered.

show abstract

Section: Volume Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of propagation of the first ionization wave during breakdown in a straight tube containing argon

Brok

Dijk

Bowden

et al. 2003

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The respective relative influences of these properties grow with the pressure of the gas studied. This is why the breakdown process in lamps, especially mid-and high-pressure lamps, is still under investigation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitating breakdown in noble gases at near-atmospheric pressure using antennas

Sobota¹,

Gendre²,

Manders³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Electrical breakdown in near-atmospheric pressure noble gasses requires voltages that are quite high, which is undesirable for a large number of possible applications. Metallic structures (antennas) were used on the outer side of the lamp burner to enhance the electric field locally while keeping the same potential difference across the electrodes. Optical and electrical measurements were performed in an argon or xenon atmosphere at 0.3 or 0.7 bar, with 4 or 7 mm between the electrode tips. We used rod-shaped tungsten electrodes of 0.6 mm in diameter. We found that both active and passive antennas facilitate breakdown, and we demonstrated the differences between the two types and their effects on the breakdown process.

show abstract

“…This can be accomplished in several ways. Lay et al [13], [14] showed that a small amount of Hg can improve the HID breakdown characteristics, i.e., lower the breakdown voltage, thanks to the Penning process. Bhoj et al [15], [16] showed that small admixtures of Xe in an Ar atmosphere also help lower the breakdown voltage due to the lower ionization potential of Xe, while the electron energy distribution function is not significantly altered with respect to the pure-Ar atmosphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Metastables in the Formation of an Argon Discharge in a Two-Pin Geometry

Sobota¹,

Manders²,

Veldhuizen³

et al. 2010

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gap closure in a cold metal halide lamp

Abstract: The breakdown of a cold metal halide lamp has been investigated using a two-dimensional, plasma transport model. Images are presented of the electron density during the trigger and sustain voltage pulses. Charging of the sidewalls of the lamp are found to be important during gap closure.

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

A model study of propagation of the first ionization wave during breakdown in a straight tube containing argon

A model study of propagation of the first ionization wave during breakdown in a straight tube containing argon

Facilitating breakdown in noble gases at near-atmospheric pressure using antennas

The Role of Metastables in the Formation of an Argon Discharge in a Two-Pin Geometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About