Gaps in medical marijuana policy implementation: Real-time perspectives from marijuana dispensary entrepreneurs, health care professionals and medical marijuana patients

Lamonica, Aukje K.; Boeri, Miriam W.; Anderson, Timothy D.

doi:10.3109/09687637.2016.1150963

Cited by 17 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…8 Implementing comprehensive education plans has been a prominent challenge in US states establishing medical cannabis programs, including educating patients, health professionals, and the general public. 9 Two years after the New York State Medical Marijuana Program was established, half of the physicians surveyed reported little knowledge of medical cannabis. 10 Canadian nurse practitioners considered the lack of necessary information as a barrier to authorizing medical cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabis Enthusiasts’ Knowledge of Medical Treatment Effectiveness and Increased Risks From Cannabis Use

2020

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Purpose: To compare cannabis enthusiasts’ knowledge about cannabis risks and effectiveness in treating medical conditions with existing empirical evidence. Design: A brief survey assessed cannabis use, information sources, and knowledge about risks and effectiveness. Setting: A cannabis advocacy event in April 2019 in a state with legal medical and recreational cannabis. Participants: Demographically diverse adults (N = 472) who frequently used cannabis; 85% used cannabis for health or medical purposes. Measures: Participants reported the sources of their cannabis information, health conditions they thought cannabis was effective in treating (n = 10), and health risks increased by cannabis (n = 6). Conditions and risks were based on ratings of evidence (ie, from substantial to insufficient) for therapeutic effects and risks identified in a review by The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM, 2017). Analyses: Chi-square tests examined the correspondence between participants’ knowledge and NASEM conclusions. Results: Most participants’ (95% confidence interval [CI]: 74%-81%) knowledge of cannabis was from their own experiences; 18% (95% CI: 14%-21%) received information from primary care providers. On average, participants’ beliefs matched NASEM conclusions for half of effectiveness (95% CI: 50%-53%) and risk items (95% CI: 55%-57%). Many (95% CI: 38%-42%) thought that cannabis use did not increase any risk. Contrary to NASEM conclusions, many thought cannabis was effective in treating cancer (76%), depressive symptoms (72%), and epilepsy (68%). Those who received cannabis information from their primary care providers had better knowledge of medical effectiveness. Medicinal cannabis use frequency inversely predicted knowledge of medical effectiveness and increased risks of adverse events. Conclusion: There were considerable discrepancies between cannabis users’ knowledge and available evidence, highlighting the need for more research and education (by physicians, caregivers, and dispensaries) on effectiveness and health risks, especially for users with specific health issues such as pregnant women and people with depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Regulations for educational materials are often vague and general, as are educational materials in medical cannabis dispensaries. 9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Enthusiasts’ Knowledge of Medical Treatment Effectiveness and Increased Risks From Cannabis Use

2020

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“…For U.S. states that have legalized medical cannabis, implementing comprehensive educational programs for patients, health professionals, and the general public has been a prominent challenge (Lamonica et al 2016). Regulations about the content of educational materials are often vague and general, as are the educational materials in medical cannabis dispensaries (Lamonica et al 2016). Although 33 U.S. states currently permit the medical use of cannabis, only three currently require certification for physicians to recommend medical cannabis, which may entail only a couple of hours of training (Lombardi et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no such universal requirements for cannabis labeling or advertising, regulations vary at the state level. For U.S. states that have legalized medical cannabis, implementing comprehensive educational programs for patients, health professionals, and the general public has been a prominent challenge (Lamonica et al 2016 ). Regulations about the content of educational materials are often vague and general, as are the educational materials in medical cannabis dispensaries (Lamonica et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A content analysis of internet information sources on medical cannabis

et al. 2020

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Background Medical cannabis users report that their knowledge regarding cannabis is predominantly from their own personal experiences and the Internet. Objective We summarize and describe information found through Internet searches on medical cannabis in English language websites. Methods We used terms related to medical cannabis in the Google search engine between November and December 2019. Resulting websites were catalogued and coded for content, including mentions of health and medical conditions, pharmacology, dosage, harmful or adverse effects, harm reduction techniques, cautions or warnings, products for sale, and credentials. Results We coded 344 web pages on 179 unique websites. Cannabis was mentioned for the treatment of 151 different medical and health conditions, only four of the twenty most frequently mentioned conditions have received substantial empirical support for cannabis or cannabinoid treatment. Information content varied widely across sites, only a small proportion of sites included information on pharmacology, dosage, risks, and other aspects that are requirements for pharmaceutical drugs. Information provided was only moderately related to conclusions in the emerging scientific literature. Conclusions Given the rise in cannabis use within the U.S. and the reliance on the Internet as a source of information, considerable efforts are needed to provide accurate on-line cannabis education to minimize harms and maximize benefits for individuals and society.

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“…Marijuana – Miscellaneous Topics:2016 food safety for marijuana-infused edibles [ 719 ]; oversight considerations for edible cannabis products [ 720 ]; cannabis consumption patterns among frequent consumers in Uruguay [ 721 ]; effect of legalization on the method of consumption [ 722 ]; refusal rates of sales to underage-appearing individuals without valid identification at retail outlets in Colorado [ 723 ]; characterization of edible marijuana exposures reported to US poison centers [ 724 ]; legalization issues [ 725 ]; legalization considerations [ 726 ]; dabbing-related content on Twitter [ 727 ]; citizen views toward marijuana regulation in Uruguay, the United States, and El Salvador [ 728 ]; regulation of agrochemical use on medical/recreational marijuana in Oregon [ 729 ]; recalls of marijuana contaminated by pesticides banned for use on marijuana in Colorado [ 730 ]; edible use among teens [ 731 ]; impacts of legalization [ 732 ]; modes of marijuana consumption among Colorado youth [ 733 ]; challenges of implementing a medical marijuana policy in Massachusetts [ 734 ]; Twitter data on cannabis edibles in the U.S [ 735 ]; prevalence and current patterns of vaping cannabis [ 736 ]; tobacco, legalized marijuana and electronic vaporizer use among young adults in Colorado [ 737 ]; regulation of agrochemicals use on medical marijuana in Nevada [ 738 ]; hair analysis for Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A) and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) after handling cannabis plant material [ 739 ]; approach to identifying Twitter tweets that are related to personal and recreational use of marijuana [ 740 ]; analysis of Google search data to assess the scope and breadth of information seeking on dabbing [ 741 ]; profile of cannabis plantations, growers and production systems in Spain [ 742 ]; LC-MS/MS determination of 61 LC amenable pesticides in Marijuana [ 743 ]; review of industrial hemp production [ 618 ]; review of industrial hemp [ 744 ]; composition of a collection of hemp cultivars and accessions of different geographical origins grown under the same conditions for 1 year [ 745 ]; investigation of hemp plant morphological parameters [ 746 ]; fiber and seed productivity of 14 commercial cultivars were tested in four contrasting European environments [ 747 ]; isolation and structural elucidation of stereoisomers of diketopiperazine indole alkaloid (12S, 22R)-Dihydroxyisoechinulin A (1), (12S, 22S)-Dihydr...…”

Section: Routine and Improved Analyses Of Abused Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%