Gardon gauge heat flux sensor verification by new working facility

Purpura, C.; Trifoni, Eduardo; Petrella, Orsola; Marciano, Luigi; Musto, Marilena; Rotondo, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2018.10.076

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There are many types of conventional HFSs, such as Gardontype sensors [5][6][7] , Schmidt Boelter sensors 8 , and gradient-type heat flow sensors [9][10][11] ; However, the presence of traditional HFSs can bring large errors to the measurement environment due to their large size and complex installation, such as the introduction of flow field disturbance; in addition, they generally can only work at limited temperatures or heat flux densities and have a long response time 12 . Compared to the above types of heat flux sensors, thin-film heat flux sensors have attracted more research interests due to their small size, thin thickness and fast response [13][14][15] , especially the thermopiletype thin film heat flux sensors, which have a great advantage in high-temperature harsh environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor With ITO/In2O3 Thermopile for Extreme Environment Sensing

Tan,

Dong,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Hypersonic vehicles and aircraft engine blades face complex and harsh environments such as high heat flow density and high temperature, and they are generally narrow curved spaces, making it impossible to actually install them for testing. Thin-film heat flux sensors(HFSs) have the advantages of small size, fast response, and in-situ fabrication, but they are prone to reach thermal equilibrium and thus fail during testing. In our manuscript, an ITO-In2O3 thick film HFS is designed and a high-temperature heat flux test system is built to simulate the working condition of a blade subjected to heat flow impact. The simulation and test results show that the test performance of the thick-film HFS is improved by optimizing the structure and parameters. Under the condition of no water cooling, the designed HFS can work under the extremely high temperature environment of 1450°C, with the maximum output thermopotential of 17.8 mV, and the average test sensitivity of 0.035 mV/(kW/m2), which has a superior high temperature resistance performance, which cannot be achieved by other existing thin (thick) film HFSs. Therefore, designed HFS has a great potential for application in harsh environments such as aerospace, weaponry, and industrial metallurgy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor With ITO/In2O3 Thermopile for Extreme Environment Sensing

Tan,

Dong,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Common heat flux sensors include thermal resistance heat flux sensor [1], Gadon heat flux density meter [2], plug-in heat flux sensor [3], etc. However, due to their own properties, they cannot meet the requirements of accurate measurement of heat flux in the transient heat flux environment, so the thin films heat flux sensor (THFS) came into being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A transient heat flux sensor for PbTe thin films based on transverse Seebeck effect

Liu,

Zhao,

Liu

2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Among thermoelectric materials with thermoelectric effect, lead telluride (PbTe) is widely used because of its high performance and chemical stability in the medium temperature region. In this study, PbTe was creatively employed to develop a transient thin films heat flux sensor (THFS) using magnetron sputtering technique based on the transverse Seebeck effect. After static and dynamic calibration, the rise time of the THFS is 35 μs and the sensitivity is up to 7.9 μV(kW·m−2)−1, it can be measured in transient high heat flux testing environments without the need for a signal amplifier. In the experiment of measuring transient heat flux with explosion driven shock tube, the THFS has the advantages of high resolution and high dynamic response, which provides scientific basis for the study of explosion thermal damage effect and has important significance.

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“…Water cooling devices or heat sinks usually need to be added for the Gardon gauge, resulting in a large volume. It can be used for the measurement of heat radiation and heat convection, while it has difficulty measuring curved surfaces 15 , 16 . The coaxial thermocouple has strong scour resistance, but the sensitivity is low, and the measurement error is large for small heat flux 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive flexible heat flux sensor based on a microhole array for ultralow to high temperatures

Li,

Tian,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Microsyst Nanoeng

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With the growing demand for thermal management of electronic devices, cooling of high-precision instruments, and biological cryopreservation, heat flux measurement of complex surfaces and at ultralow temperatures has become highly imperative. However, current heat flux sensors (HFSs) are commonly used in high-temperature scenarios and have problems when applied in low-temperature conditions, such as low sensitivity and embrittlement. In this study, we developed a flexible and highly sensitive HFS that can operate at ultralow to high temperatures, ranging from −196 °C to 273 °C. The sensitivities of HFSs with thicknesses of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm, which are efficiently manufactured by the screen-printing method, reach 11.21 μV/(W/m2) and 13.43 μV/(W/m2), respectively. The experimental results show that there is a less than 3% resistance change from bending to stretching. Additionally, the HFS can measure heat flux in both exothermic and absorptive cases and can measure heat flux up to 25 kW/m2. Additionally, we demonstrate the application of the HFS to the measurement of minuscule heat flux, such as heat dissipation of human skin and cold water. This technology is expected to be used in heat flux measurements at ultralow temperatures or on complex surfaces, which has great importance in the superconductor and cryobiology field.

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Gardon gauge heat flux sensor verification by new working facility

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor With ITO/In2O3 Thermopile for Extreme Environment Sensing

High Temperature Heat Flux Sensor With ITO/In2O3 Thermopile for Extreme Environment Sensing

A transient heat flux sensor for PbTe thin films based on transverse Seebeck effect

Highly sensitive flexible heat flux sensor based on a microhole array for ultralow to high temperatures

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