Gas chromatographic analysis of fragrances in palm‐based white soaps

Abstract

Four commercial soap fragrances 1, 2, 3, and 4 were inco~ porated in palm-based white soaps and made into bars. The soap bars were stored at 25°C and 40°C for three months. The headspace gas~chromatographic volatiles, fragrance odor intensity and whiteness analyses of the soap samples were carded out at 10<lay intervals. By means of gas chr~ matography and mass spectrometry, some of the headspace gas~omatographic peAkR were identified. These peaks were useful in monitoring the fragrance components. For example, fragrance 4 contains the components limc~ nene and citronellal which are known to possess a citrus odor component. Fragrance odor intensity scores showed that the intensity of the fragrances in the soap base was the same for all. Results also showed that most of the fragrances had the same effect on the whiteness of palmbased white soaps, except for fragrance 2 which gave a pink color to the white soaps. Equations were established between the fragrance odor intensity and area under the gas~hromatographic peaks. The equation can give useful information on the fragrance odor intensity by calculating the area of the chromatographic peaks; the fragrance odor intensity is a reflection of the fragrance retention in p~im. based soaps. KEY WORD~. Degree of whiteness, fragrance, headspace gas chromatography, odor intensity, pahn-based soap.

Properties of soaps derived from distilled palm stearin and palm kernel fatty acids

“…At all times the samples maintained a greater than 80% degree of whiteness except for blend 7 which had a whiteness of 79% after 1-mon storage. The whiteness limit for a good, pure white soap is 80% (9). Comparatively, soap with high content of distilled PS fatty acid showed good whiteness as in blend 1 (100% distilled PS fatty acids) that was 91% initially, 89% after 1 wk, and 88% after 1 mon.…”

“…Sodium chloride solution was added to reduce viscosity and EDTA to chelate any metal contaminants. The neat soap was then processed into 100-g soap bars after drying (9).…”

Characterization of palm acid oil

“…One of the methods used to analyze volatiles is the headspace gas-*To whom correspondence should be addressed. HSGC analysis (27). A PAO sample (5 g) was weighed into a 12-mL vial and then tightly sealed.…”