Gas chromatographic determination of free toluene diisocyanate in flexible urethane foams

Conte, A.; Cossi, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)80646-9

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…100 mL of toluene was added and the suspension was shaken for 30 min at room temperature, then filtered on a Buckner funnel and washed with toluene. 1 mL of MOPIP solution (5 mg mL 21 ) was added to the filtrate and shaken overnight. The toluene was evaporated with a rotary evaporator and the urea derivative was solubilized with 9.95 mL of desorption solution and transferred to a 10 mL volumetric flask.…”

Section: Standard Solution Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 To reach low limits of quantification, current analytical methods use HPLC coupled with an ultraviolet (UV-DAD) detector for MOPIP urea derivative, an ultraviolet-fluorescence (UVF) detector for MAMA urea derivative and a mass spectrometric (MS) detector for DBA and MOPIP derivatives. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Current limits of detection (LOD) [15][16][17][18][19][20] are in the range of 50 ng mL 21 to 0.4 ng mL 21 in solution for 2,4TDI, and in the range of 50 ng mL 21 to 0.4 ng mL 21 for 2,6TDI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have attempted to develop analytical methodology to quantify residual TDI in foams [21][22][23] and each one has important drawbacks: non-reproducibility, limited selectivity and limited sensitivity. Residual TDI monomers are expected in foams because of incomplete reactions or the use of a nonstoichiometric ratio of isocyanates to polyols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of unreacted 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4TDI) and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6TDI) in foams at ultratrace level by using HPLC-CIS-MS-MS

Gagné

Lesage

Ostiguy

et al. 2003

Analyst

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Isocyanates can cause occupational asthma. By using available HPLC-UVF methods, isocyanates can be quantified only at levels above 1% of the Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL). Once sensitized, workers can react to concentrations below these limits of detection (LOD) making these methods insufficiently sensitive to adequately evaluate trace amounts of isocyanates present in air or in materials at safe levels for sensitized workers. This article describes a novel method for isocyanate analysis allowing the quantification of 2,4TDI and 2,6TDI monomers at very low concentrations using HPLC-CIS-MS-MS. The method's sensitivity increases with a decrease in the alkali radius. The LOD is 0.039 ng mL(-1) for 2,4TDI and 0.100 ng mL(-1) for 2,6TDI in solution when lithium is the alkali adduct, which is 20 times more sensitive than HPLC-UVF method. This new method allows determination in foam at levels of 0.078 ng g(-1) for 2,4TDI and 0.200 ng g(-1) for 2,6TDI respectively, for a 0.5 g foam sample. This is more than 100 times more sensitive than other methods for determining free monomers in solid materials. Analytical reproducibility and precision are better than 92% and 93% for both diisocyanate monomers. The use of HPLC-UVF conventional method failed to detect unreacted isocyanates in foam samples, but TDI monomers were quantified by HPLC-CIS-MS-MS.

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Section: Standard Solution Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of unreacted 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4TDI) and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6TDI) in foams at ultratrace level by using HPLC-CIS-MS-MS

Gagné

Lesage

Ostiguy

et al. 2003

Analyst

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show abstract

“…Curing of the slab takes approximately 24 hours at room temperature [157]. TDI is the principal diisocyanate for slabstock which is produced in numerous plants all over the world on continuously operating machines with an output of up to 500 kg/min.…”

Section: Cellular Polyurethanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isocyanates

Brochhagen¹

1991

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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“…The polymeric nature of the material prevents quantitative reaction with the target group buried within the matrix. Extraction of unreacted TDI followed by gas chromatography allows the measure of low levels of free TDI in foams but does not measure bound isocyanate [10]. In traditional IR methods, calibration using moisture sensitive materials is error prone, although laborious techniques achieve reasonable values [1].…”

Section: Absolute Isocyanate Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of High Index Foams

Gheluwe

Cole

Hébrard³

et al. 1987

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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Gas chromatographic determination of free toluene diisocyanate in flexible urethane foams

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Determination of unreacted 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4TDI) and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6TDI) in foams at ultratrace level by using HPLC-CIS-MS-MS

Determination of unreacted 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4TDI) and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6TDI) in foams at ultratrace level by using HPLC-CIS-MS-MS

Isocyanates

Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of High Index Foams

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