Gas chromatography/infrared matrix isolation spectrometry

Reedy, Gerald T.; Bourne, Sidney.; Cunningham, P.T.

doi:10.1021/ac50045a041

Cited by 75 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…IR data were collected via an IR microscope coupled with a Thermo-Nicolet FTIR. The system is an updated version of previous GC-matrix isolation-FTIR systems as described (14,15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IR data were collected via an IR microscope coupled with a Thermo-Nicolet FTIR. The system is an updated version of previous GC-matrix isolation-FTIR systems as described (14,15).Proton and 13 C NMR spectra of synthesized standards were obtained on a Bruker (Billerica, MA) Avance DPX-400 spectrometer.Synthesis. Authentic samples of 3,3-diethylpentadecane and 5,5-diethylpentadecane were obtained by atmospheric pressure hydrogenation at ambient temperature of 3,3-diethyl-4Z-pentadecene and 5,5-diethyl-2E-6Z-pentadecadiene, respectively, in ethyl acetate solution over 10% palladium͞charcoal as catalyst.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms in modern and ancient geologic samples

Kenig

Simons

Crich

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A pseudohomologous series of branched aliphatic alkanes with a quaternary substituted carbon atom (BAQCs, specifically 2,2-dimethylalkanes and 3,3-and 5,5-diethylalkanes) were identified in warm (65°C) deep-sea hydrothermal waters and Late Cretaceous black shales. 5,5-Diethylalkanes were also observed in modern and Holocene marine shelf sediments and in shales spanning the last 800 million years of the geological record. The carbon number distribution of BAQCs indicates a biological origin. These compounds were observed but not identified in previous studies of 2.0 billion-to 2.2 billion-year-old metasediments and were commonly misidentified in other sediment samples, indicating that BAQCs are widespread in the geological record. The source organisms of BAQCs are unknown, but their paleobiogeographic distribution suggests that they have an affinity for sulfides and might be nonphotosynthetic sulfide oxidizers. P rokaryotes in ancient environments usually are detected by microscopy (1, 2) and geochemical evidence (e.g., stable isotope fractionation of carbon and sulfur; ref.3). The fossil record of bacteria and archaea is meager and controversial because of their poor preservation potential (1, 4). However, some lipids have excellent preservation potential and are used to demonstrate the presence of archaea and bacteria in ancient sedimentary environments (2, 5-9). Here we identify branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms (BAQCs). These compounds, observed in hydrothermal waters at the Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) site 1026B on the flanks of the Juan de Fuca ridge (Northeast Pacific) are natural products and occur in nonhydrothermal sediments ranging in age from modern to at least 2.0 billion to 2.2 billion years (Ga). MethodsField Sampling. Particulate organic material was retrieved from hydrothermal waters by using a combusted glass-fiber filter (142 mm) affixed to a circulation obviation retrofit kit (10) The Cenomanian and Turonian (Late Cretaceous) samples were collected at outcrops along the Bainbridge river in the Pasquia Hills region of easternmost central Saskatchewan, Canada (12). They are thermally immature based on the dominant 17␤,21␤(H) stereochemical configuration of the hopanes. The descriptions of other sediment samples analyzed can be found in the references listed in the Fig. 3 legend. Laboratory Methods. Extraction, separation, and GC-MS were performed as described (13). The filter and sediment samples were Soxhlet-extracted by using dichloromethane and methanol (7.5:1, vol͞vol). The sediment extracts were further separated by column chromatography to obtain a hydrocarbon fraction. Linear alkanes were removed from the hydrocarbon fraction by adduction on US-Y zeolite to obtain a fraction of branched and cyclic hydrocarbons. The total extract and subfractions, as well as authentic standards, were analyzed by GC-MS on a HewlettPackard 6890 gas chromatograph coupled to a Hewlett-Packard 5973 mass selective detector operated in electron ionization mode at 70 eV, scannin...

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“…IR data were collected via an IR microscope coupled with a Thermo-Nicolet FTIR. The system is an updated version of previous GC-matrix isolation-FTIR systems as described (14,15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms in modern and ancient geologic samples

Kenig

Simons

Crich

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The use of MI-FTIR as a GC detector was first described in 1979 (69,70), with the first commercially available instrument introduced in the mid-1980s. In this technique, argon gas (typically) is mixed with the carrier gas, and the analyte is deposited in an argon matrix onto a rotating gold-coated cryogenic disk that is maintained at about 12K.…”

Section: Gc-ftir-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of multidimensional-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared-mass spectrometry

Tomlinson

Sasaki

Wilkins

1996

Mass Spectrom. Rev.

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“…Likewise, Mi-Raman is reported to have detection limits on the order of nanograms (15). The one picogram detection limit of GC/MS (8) makes it three to six orders of magnitude more sensitive, cf., attribute ii.…”

Section: Gas Phase Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HPLC is being relegated to use as a preseparation tool for more specific methods (8,10,12). In GC, such exotic selective detectors as rotationally cooled fluorescence (13) and matrix isolation infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectrometries (14)(15)(16) are now being evaluated for use in PAH analysis, vide infra.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence line narrowing spectrometry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in organic glasses

Brown

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Gas chromatography/infrared matrix isolation spectrometry

Cited by 75 publications

References 4 publications

Branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms in modern and ancient geologic samples

Branched aliphatic alkanes with quaternary substituted carbon atoms in modern and ancient geologic samples

Applications of multidimensional-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared-mass spectrometry

Fluorescence line narrowing spectrometry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in organic glasses

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