Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry Instrument for Medical Applications: A Calibration Protocol for ppb and ppt Concentration Range

Fernandes, Jorge M. O.; Vassilenko, Valentina; Moura, Pedro Catalão; Fetter, Viktor

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78288-7_34

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A third coordinate, corresponding to the intensity (volts) of each ion detected by the detector placed at the end of the drift tube, is equally represented. These intensity levels are directly related to the original concentrations that each molecule presented in the original sample and can be used for plotting calibration curves and quantifying the detected analytes [ 32 ]. Figure 2 schematizes an arbitrary three-dimensional GC-IMS spectrum in a two-dimensional view.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the Organoleptic Volatile Organic Compound Profile of Three Edible Seaweeds

et al. 2023

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The inclusion of seaweeds in daily-consumption food is a worthy-of-attention challenge due to their high nutritional value and potential health benefits. In this way, their composition, organoleptic profile, and toxicity must be assessed. This work focuses on studying the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by three edible seaweeds, Grateloupia turuturu, Codium tomentosum, and Bifurcaria bifurcata, with the aim of deepening the knowledge regarding their organoleptic profiles. Nine samples of each seaweed were prepared in glass vials, and the emitted headspace was analyzed, for the first time, with a gas chromatography—ion mobility spectrometry device, a highly sensitive technology. By statistically processing the collected data through PCA, it was possible to accurately differentiate the characteristic patterns of the three seaweeds with a total explained variance of 98%. If the data were pre-processed through PLS Regression, the total explained variance increased to 99.36%. The identification of 13 VOCs was accomplished through a developed database of compounds. These outstanding values in addition to the identification of the main emissions of VOCs and the utilization of a never-before-used technology prove the capacity of GC-IMS to differentiate edible seaweeds based solely on their volatile emissions, increase the knowledge regarding their organoleptic profiles, and provide an important step forward in the inclusion of these highly nutritional ingredients in the human diet.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the Organoleptic Volatile Organic Compound Profile of Three Edible Seaweeds

et al. 2023

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“…These 5 cm length tubes were maintained in a thermogravimetric device for an accurate control of temperature (40,60, and 85 • C ) and flow (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mL∕min ). VOCs were, then, analyzed by GC-IMS [99].…”

Section: Vocs Identification Through Imsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26, and to the formation equation of the 2-hexanone dimer, Eq. 27 [99]. ( 26) As mentioned, IMS devices that use a radioactive ionization source have a limitation in analyzing higher concentrations.…”

Section: Vocs Quantification Through Imsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the total concentration emitted by the permeation tubes has to be related to the sum of intensities and, specifically, peak volumes, of both monomer and dimer of 2-hexanone. The corresponding calibration equation and respective R 2 are included in the graph of Figure S3 [99]. Nonetheless, the results are debatable since the logarithmic curve has no scientific base to be suitable for IMS data modeling.…”

Section: Vocs Quantification Through Imsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ion Mobility Spectrometry Towards Environmental Volatile Organic Compounds Identification and Quantification: a Comparative Overview over Infrared Spectroscopy

Moura

Vassilenko

Ribeiro

2023

Emiss. Control Sci. Technol.

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be extremely toxic and hazardous to expose humans in both indoor and outdoor environments; thus, their detection, correct identification, and accurate quantification are relevant and demanding tasks that need to be addressed. Fortunately, several known analytical techniques allow the qualitative and quantitative assessment of these compounds. This review paper stresses on two independent spectroscopic techniques, infrared spectroscopy and ion mobility spectrometry, both suitable for the detection of very small concentration levels of VOCs in gaseous samples. Infrared spectroscopy is a well-known technique that has been largely applied per se or combined with additional methodologies, to study VOCs at both high and low concentration levels. On the other hand, ion mobility spectrometry gained relevance in this field, due to its capability to measure trace concentration levels, namely ppbv and even pptv. For this review paper, several scientific papers were analyzed, and the most relevant were addressed throughout the text. The working principles of both techniques are carefully addressed, and updated data is provided for highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques for the environmental VOCs assessment in air quality control.

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“…To do so, a calibration protocol previously developed was applied to our data. Further details regarding the developed methodology can be consulted elsewhere [53,55]; nevertheless, it is important to emphasize the The more relevant volatile organic compounds in this profile are compounds 10 (2butanone) and 26 (not identified), which are around 14 and 24 times more intense in the interior of the office than they are in the outdoor samples. Compounds 1 (ethanol), 21, and 22 (not identified) have relative intensities between 4 and 6, and compounds 4 (acetone) and 15 (2-hexanone) are two times more intense in the indoor air than outside.…”

Section: Vocs Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Indoor Air Volatile Organic Compounds Assessment in a Car Factory Painting Line

Moura

Santos²,

Fujão³

et al. 2023

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Proper working conditions must be one of the employers’ main concerns in any type of company but particularly in work locations where the employees are chronically exposed to hazardous compounds, like factories and production lines. Regarding this challenge, the present research addresses the mapping of a car factory painting line to possibly toxic volatile organic compounds emitted by all the coatings and chemicals used during the work shifts for the future evaluation of employees’ exposure. For the first time, a Gas Chromatography–Ion Mobility Spectrometry device was employed for the in situ detection of volatile organic compounds in an automotive factory. A total of 26 analytes were detected at nine different locations, of which 15 VOCs were accurately identified. Pure chemical-grade substances were used for the development of the VOC database. Although quantitative analysis was not the goal of this study, a calibration model was presented to one analyte for exemplificative purposes. Relative intensity profiles were plotted for all locations, revealing that some indoor VOCs can reach intensity levels up to 60 times higher than in outdoor air samples. The achieved results proved that the painting line has an abundant number of VOCs emitted from different sources and may lead to serious health risks for the employees. Additional studies shall be developed in the painting line for quantitative evaluation of the existing VOCs and their influence on the employees’ health conditions.

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Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry Instrument for Medical Applications: A Calibration Protocol for ppb and ppt Concentration Range

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Differentiation of the Organoleptic Volatile Organic Compound Profile of Three Edible Seaweeds

Differentiation of the Organoleptic Volatile Organic Compound Profile of Three Edible Seaweeds

Ion Mobility Spectrometry Towards Environmental Volatile Organic Compounds Identification and Quantification: a Comparative Overview over Infrared Spectroscopy

In Situ Indoor Air Volatile Organic Compounds Assessment in a Car Factory Painting Line

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