Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Mycolic Acids as a Tool in the Identification of Medically Important Coryneform Bacteria

Athalye, M.; Noble, W. C.; Mallet, Anthony I.; Minnikin, David E.

doi:10.1099/00221287-130-3-513

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…diphtheriae and other members of the genus should reveal peaks within the 500–595 m/z range that account for the presence of the most abundant species, i.e. C30-C34 [52,53]. MS data revealed the total absence of peaks within that m/z range in the DSM43989 and DSM43989 empty vector strains for both cell wall bound lipids and total lipids methyl ester fractions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

et al. 2017

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria, a toxin mediated disease of upper respiratory tract, which can be fatal. As a member of the CMNR group, C. diphtheriae is closely related to members of the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus. Almost all members of these genera comprise an outer membrane layer of mycolic acids, which is assumed to influence host-pathogen interactions. In this study, three different C. diphtheriae strains were investigated in respect to their interaction with phagocytic murine and human cells and the invertebrate infection model Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results indicate that C. diphtheriae is able to delay phagolysosome maturation after internalization in murine and human cell lines. This effect is independent of the presence of mycolic acids, as one of the strains lacked corynomycolates. In addition, analyses of NF-κB induction revealed a mycolate-independent mechanism and hint to detrimental effects of the different strains tested on the phagocytic cells. Bioinformatics analyses carried out to elucidate the reason for the lack of mycolates in one of the strains led to the identification of a new gene involved in mycomembrane formation in C. diphtheriae.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

et al. 2017

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“…Other strains of C. xerosis have a G+C content of 55%, well within the range (51 to 63 mol%) considered typical for the Corynebacterium species (35). As mentioned earlier, several reports suggest that reference strains of C. bovis that were originally isolated from human sources should not be considered authentic members of the species (5,22,93).…”

Section: Selecting Reference Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coryneform bacteria in infectious diseases: clinical and laboratory aspects

1990

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Coryneform isolates from clinical specimens frequently cannot be identified by either reference laboratories or research laboratories. Many of these organisms are skin flora that belong to a large number of taxonomic groups, only 40% of which are in the genus Corynebacterium. This review provides an update on clinical presentations, microbiological features, and pathogenic mechanisms of infections with nondiphtheria Corynebacterium species and other pleomorphic gram-positive rods. The early literature is also reviewed for a few coryneforms, especially those whose roles as pathogens are controversial. Recognition of newly emerging opportunistic coryneforms is dependent on sound identification schemes which cannot be developed until cell wall analyses and nucleic acid studies have defined the taxonomic groups and all of the reference strains within each taxon have been shown by molecular methods to be authentic members. Only then can reliable batteries of biochemical tests be selected for distinguishing each taxon.

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“…The coryneform bacteria used are listed in Table 2 and include 14 strains (L and F prefixes) isolated from hu/nan axillary skin and hair, described previously [1,8]. 6 st/rains of named Corynebacterium species from culture collections and one strain of Corynebacterium 'Group JK' described previously [9] were also included. The 14 human coryneform strains were identified as corynebacteria on the basis of their mycolic acid composition [8].…”

Section: Bacteria and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone metabolism by pure and mixed cultures of human corynebacteria

Nixon

Jackman²,

Mallet³

et al. 1987

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The metabolism of testosterone by 21 different corynebacteria has been analysed in pure and mixed culture. In pure cultures, the occurrence of the following enzymic activities was confirmed; 3α(β)‐oxido‐reductase, 4‐ene‐5α(β)‐reductase, 17β‐oxido‐reductase and 17‐isomerase. Mixed cultures, formed by co‐inoculating the pure strains in groups of 3, showed formation of 3β‐hydroxy‐5β‐androstan‐17‐one, which was not detected in pure cultures. Mixing cultures which displayed 4‐ene‐5β‐reductase activity (formation of 17β‐hydroxy‐5β‐androstan‐3‐one(5β‐DHT)) with those showing 17‐oxido‐reductase activity (production of 4‐androstene‐3,17‐dione) sometimes showed evidence for an additive effect, in the formation of 5β‐androstane‐3,17‐dione. Other combinations of strains showed either no effects or inhibitory effects on 5β‐androstane‐3,17‐dione formation. Strain groupings based on the amounts of 5β‐DHT or 4‐androstene‐3,17‐dione, as assessed by densitometry of autoradiographs, showed some correlation with previously published groupings based on whole cell protein patterns [1].

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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Mycolic Acids as a Tool in the Identification of Medically Important Coryneform Bacteria

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

Coryneform bacteria in infectious diseases: clinical and laboratory aspects

Testosterone metabolism by pure and mixed cultures of human corynebacteria

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