Gas Concentration Measurements in the Combustion Chamber of the 235 MWe Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Turow No. 3

Abstract

Local measurements of concentrations of O2, CO2, CO, NO and SO2 were carried out inside the 235 MWe circulating fluidized bed boiler no. 3 Turow power plant. The combustion chamber had a cross-sectional area of 21.1 × 9.9 m2 and a height of 43 m. Water-cooled probes with a length of 4.7 m were used to take samples from inside the boiler. 20 ports in 5 different heights were used to introduce the probes. The penetration depth inside the boiler was up to 3 m. The sampled gas was led to online analyzers. Even though the number of ports and the penetration length was not sufficient to get a full 3-D mapping of the concentrations the measured horizontal and vertical gas concentration profiles of NO, CO, CO2, O2 and SO2 clearly indicate a core/annulus structure with a wall layer thickness of about 0.5–1 m. Significant differences are observed between gas concentrations near the front wall and those near the rear wall which indicate an uneven distribution of fuel. One consequence is the formation of plumes with high concentrations of CO, NO, CO2 and SO2 near the front wall which extend up to the exit region. The fact that nevertheless the stack emissions are still below the legal limits may be attributed to the excellent performance of the cyclones as gas mixers and post combustion reactors.

CFD modeling of gas–solids flow in a large scale circulating fluidized bed furnace

“…The input and validation data were based on measurements that were carried out in June, 2001 [29]. These measurement data are one of the most detailed measurement sets that are available in literature for commercial CFB units, and they have been reported and applied in numerous studies [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Fig.…”

An Experimental Study on the Characteristics of NOx Distributions at the SNCR Inlets of a Large-Scale CFB Boiler

“…Niklasson et al [28] performed on-line measurements with zirconia cell probe successfully. Hartge et al [29] designed novel probes to measure flue gas at various levels inside a 235 MW CFB boiler. The maximum penetration depth reached 3 m. A wall region with a thickness of 0.5 m was observed in the test, and the non-uniformity of gas composition in front and rear walls was attributed to fuel distribution.…”

“…In particular, relevant field tests have rarely been reported. Nonetheless, the accumulation of the studies in [28,29,31] inspires the scholars to further explore more detailed NO x distributions in large-scale CFB boilers through the field test approach. Thus, the present contribution reports a preliminary investigation into a typical 300 MW CFB boiler, focusing on measuring the characteristics of NO x distributions at the SNCR inlets.…”

Effect of Heterogeneity in Coal Ash Chemical Composition on the Onset of Conditions Favorable for Agglomeration in Fluid Beds

“…The composition of the gaseous atmosphere used for this study was a typical flue gas composition containing 3% oxygen, 15% carbon dioxide, 10% water and 72% nitrogen. This gas composition was chosen based on the distribution of oxygen in the study by Hartge [5] in a CFB combustor, which showed the oxygen content to be similar to the flue gas. The simulations were also repeated in air and the slag formation tendencies were not significantly different.…”