Gas-Condensed Phase Reactions – A Novel Route to Synthesize Alloys and Intermetallics Involving Refractory Metals

Ahmed, Hesham M.; Nurni, Viswanathan; Seetharaman, Seshadri

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2016.09.008

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…CuO is used as a catalyst or catalyst precursor in many chemical reactions that involve hydrogen as a reactant or product (Rodriguez et al, 2003). Reduction of copper oxide under hydrogen atmosphere has been widely reported due to the interest of the process from the point of view of the mechanism of the reaction and especially for the design and manufacture of products for catalysis and electronic devices (Ahmed et al, 2016;Antrekowitsch, 2007;Ardestani et al, 2009;Champion et al, 2003;Jelić et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2005;Li et al, 1989;Yamukyan et al, 2009). This paper is focused on studying the feasibility of using concentrated solar energy to the reduction of copper oxide to metallic copper, in hydrogen atmosphere.…”

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The use of concentrated solar energy for the reduction of CuO in H2

Arenas¹,

Padilla²,

Robla³

et al. 2019

Solar Energy

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The reduction of copper (II) oxide was carried out under concentrated solar radiation in a stream of gaseous mixture 5/95 v/v H 2 /N 2 in a 1.5 kW thermal power vertical axis parabolic concentrator at the PROMES-CNRS solar facility (Odeillo-Font Romeu, France). Experiments were performed using a commercial oxide in two different forms, powdered and compacted specimens. The reduction of CuO to elemental Cu was more effective for compacted specimen yielding a dendrite microstructured metallic copper with an electrochemical behavior similar to that exhibited by the commercial metal. In the case of powdered specimen, a composite metal/oxide (Cu/Cu 2 O) block was obtained as a macroporous material. The reduction process of CuO under concentrated solar energy tracks through the formation of Cu 2 O as the only intermediate phase, which was evidenced by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. IntroductionAccording to the World Meteorological Organization, since the Industrial Revolution, humankind has emitted 375 billion of tonnes of CO 2 into the atmosphere, producing a level of concentration of this gas in excess of 400 ppm (Ballantyne et al., 2012). Last August 2018, such high concentration of global CO 2 of 407 ppm was recorded by the American National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/global.html). This growth is a direct consequenceof the emissions produced by the use of fossil fuels. In this respect, the metallurgical activities are responsible for a significant percentage of these emissions. In the case of Spain, the CO 2 emissions from the metallurgical sector, consists of the 11% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the industrial processes Spanish Ministry of Agriculture Food Environment, 2015). The primary metal industry is considered one of the most energy intensive sector (Boulamanti and Moya, 2016), and accordingly one of the major sources of climate altering gases (Murray, 1999;Yadav and Purkait, 2016). In this line, primary copper production is ranking third in specific energy consumption among the five major basic metals (aluminum, copper, iron, lead and zinc) and presents important environmental hazard (Alvarado et al., 1999). The copper ores mined can broadly be categorized as being either sulfide or oxide ores.There are two methods to produce primary copper depending on ore types: hydrometallurgical for oxide ores and low-iron sulfide ores, and pyrometallurgical for sulfide ores. About 80 % of primary copper worldwide is produced by the latter process (Boulamanti and Moya, 2016;Northey et al., 2013) which involves smelting; the 20 % remaining is produced by hydrometallurgical process, which includes leaching, and is commonly used for copper oxide ores.

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