Gas dynamical parameters of detonation powder spraying

Kadyrov, E.; Kadyrov, V. Kh.

doi:10.1007/bf02646972

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Intensive development of the detonation gas spraying method, [1][2][3][4][5] lead to significant innovation of the mentioned technology and to its practical use in the industry. First of all, it should be emphasized that the method is applicable to protective coating formation, [1].…”

Section: Detonation Gas Spraying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First of all, it should be emphasized that the method is applicable to protective coating formation, [1]. The protective coating formation strongly depends on the dynamical parameters of the gas applied to the detonation powder spraying, [2].The gas used in the method not only causes the motion of the particles but the gas stream interacts on the particles during their movement towards the substrate as well, [3]. The analysis of heat transfer during the detonation and particles motion allowed to control the settlement of the particles on the substrate, [4].…”

Section: Detonation Gas Spraying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solidification Mechanism of the D-Gun Sprayed Fe-Al Particles

Wołczyński¹,

Senderowski²,

Fikus³

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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The detonation gas spraying method is used to study solidification of the Fe-40Al particles after the D-gun spraying and settled on the water surface. The solidification is divided into two stages. First, the particle solid shell forms during the particle contact with the surrounding air / gas. Usually, the remaining liquid particle core is dispersed into many droplets of different diameter. A single Fe-Al particle is described as a body subjected to a rotation and finally to a centrifugal force leading to segregation of iron and aluminum. The mentioned liquid droplets are treated as some spheres rotated freely / chaotically inside the solid shell of the particle and also are subjected to the centrifugal force. The centrifugal force, and first of all, the impact of the particles onto the water surface promote a tendency for making punctures in the particles shell. The droplets try to desert / abandon the mother-particles through these punctures. Some experimental evidences for this phenomenon are delivered. It is concluded that the intensity of the mentioned phenomenon depends on a given droplet momentum. The droplets solidify rapidly during their settlement onto the water surface at the second stage of the process under consideration. A model for the solidification mechanism is delivered.

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Section: Detonation Gas Spraying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detonation Gas Spraying Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solidification Mechanism of the D-Gun Sprayed Fe-Al Particles

Wołczyński¹,

Senderowski²,

Fikus³

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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“…As a product of organic origin, lignin improves the physicochemical properties and the water-air regime of the soil [86] and it stimulates the vital activity of soil microorganisms and thereby creates conditions for the better growth and development of plants [87,88]. Lignin is one of the sources of formation of humic substances in the soil [89].…”

Section: Nitrogen-containing Ljtmin Derivatives As Plant-growth Stimumentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton plant lignins

Abduazimov¹,

Smirnova²

1997

Chem Nat Compd

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This paper generalizes the results of studies on lignins isolated from the stems, bolls, and seed hulls of cotton plants of a number of varieties as functions of the vegetation periods of the plants. The UV, IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectra It was impossible to characterize the MWL from cotton seed hulls because of its low yield. The molecular masses of the lignins were determined, and they were subjected to nitrobenzene oxidation and to cleavage with sodium in liquid ammonia [4, 5]. The oxidation and cleavage products were found to include substances with gnaiacyl and syringyl structures. The process of isolating MWLs is lengthy and laborious, and the yields of lignins axe low. In view of this, Pepper's method and one involving ultrasound have been used for the isolation of ligrtins [6].However, the results of a study of the lignin obtained with the aid of ultrasound led to the conclusion that during isolation under the action of ultrasound the syringyl structures of the lignin are demethoxylated and the C3 side-chains are destroyed [7, 8]. Isolation of Dioxane Liotmins from the Cotton PlantAs already mentioned, one of the methods of isolating lignin from plants in a little-changed form and with good yield is Pepper's method [3]. It is based on the fact that lignin is extracted by aqueous dioxane (1:9) in the presence of catalytic amounts of hydrochloric acid with heating under a current of nitrogen. It has been confirmed with various plants that the lignin obtained by this method is very similar to the BjOrkman lignin [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].In order to obtain lignin from ripe cotton plant stems in unchanged form we have used a method perfected by V. M. Reznikov the essence of which is that all the operations, beginning with extraction and ending with precipitation of the li~min in water, are carried out under a current of nitrogen. To study the dynamics of the process, we performed the stepwise extraction of lignin for one, two, and three hours [16], so that the lignin being isolated did not undergo elaanges due to its Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75.

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“…All the analyses in the literature (Ref [36][37][38][39][40] can be reduced to the defining of parameters of the gas detonation wave, i.e. its velocity (D), pressure (p 1 ), density (q 1 ), and temperature (t 1 ), which can be considered, with high degree of approximation, within the frame of hydrodynamic theory and unidimensional stationary detonation (referred to as ZND, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The D-gun deposited coatings are formed through the collision with the substrate material and deformation of fine grains of the powder which, together with the detonation products, form metallic spray. High kinetic energy and low thermal energy accumulated in the two-phase metallic spray (Ref [36][37][38][39][40][41][42] are energy sources of the bonds between the deposited powder, substrate and coating layers. If the spray parameters are properly chosen, the powder particles temperature does not exceed the melting point temperature and the particles in-flight are slightly soft (Ref 36-40, 43, 44).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Detonation Gun Spraying Conditions on the Quality of Fe-Al Intermetallic Protective Coatings in the Presence of NiAl and NiCr Interlayers

Senderowski

Bojar

2009

J Therm Spray Tech

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The paper presents results of detailed research of the application of detonation gun (D-gun) spraying process for deposition of Fe-Al intermetallic coatings in the presence of NiAl and NiCr interlayers. A number of D-gun experiments have been carried out with significant changes in spraying parameters which define the process energy levels (changes in volumes of the working and fuel gases, and the distance and frequency of spraying). These changes directly influenced the quality of the coatings. The initial results underlay the choice of the process parameters with the view to obtain the most advantageous of geometric and physical-mechanical properties of the coating material, interlayer and substrate. The metallurgical quality of the coatings was considered by taking into account grain morphology, the inhomogeneity of chemical content and phase structure, the cohesive porosity in the coating volume, and adhesive porosity in the substrate/interlayer/coating boundaries. The surface roughness level was also considered. It was found that the D-gun sprayed coatings are in all cases built with flat lamellar splats. The splats develop from powder particles which are D-gun transformed in their plasticity and geometry. A significant result of the optimization of D-gun spraying parameters is the lack of signs of melting of the material (even in microareas) while the geometry of the subsequently deposited grains is considerably changed and the adhesivity and cohesion of the layers proves to be high. This is considered as an undeniable proof of high plasticity of the D-gun formed Fe-Al intermetallic coating.

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Gas dynamical parameters of detonation powder spraying

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Solidification Mechanism of the D-Gun Sprayed Fe-Al Particles

Solidification Mechanism of the D-Gun Sprayed Fe-Al Particles

Cotton plant lignins

Influence of Detonation Gun Spraying Conditions on the Quality of Fe-Al Intermetallic Protective Coatings in the Presence of NiAl and NiCr Interlayers

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