Mass transport phenomena influence all kinds of processes, often controlling the rate, the yield, the product spectrum, and product recovery. This article details the mass transfer considerations in production and processing of chemicals. Fundamentals of mass transfer are discussed for gas–liquid, liquid–liquid, and solid–liquid systems. Methods for measurement of the overall gas–liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient (
k
L
a
L
) are noted. Mass transport behavior is discussed for various kinds of reactors: laboratory shake flasks, vortex aerated devices, stirred tanks, bubble columns, airlift reactors, fluidized beds, packed beds, and other systems. Prediction and estimation of the various mass transfer coefficients are emphasized. Mass transfer within particles is treated as being relevant to adsorption, ion exchange, chromatographic separations, and heterogeneous catalysis. Mass transport in membrane processing is outlined.