Abstract-The bubble coalescence and the transition concentration in a dispersion column have been experimentally studied in this study work by adopting isobutanol-water mixture as a liquid phase and air as a gas phase. The experimental work included the following experimental variables; the weight percent of isobutanol in water and superficial gas velocity of air. The using of two distributors single-orifice and multi-orifice, bubble size, gas holdup and gas-liquid interfacial area are measured. The experimental results have showed that the isobutanol transition concentration is successfully correlated as a function of superficial air velocity, c t =0.072079-0.006408U g +0.000425U g 2 -0.00001U g 3 . This equation gives mean deviation of 4.501%.Index Terms-Gas-liquid dispersion column, bubble coalescence, transition concentration.
Greek Letters: g = gas holdup = coalescence percentage, % Manuscript received October 26, 2013; revised March 20, 2014. F. Z. Hanna is with Koya University, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (e-mail: fadi.hanna@koyauniversity.org).R. K. Abdulrahman is with Koya University, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (e-mail: ribwar.abdulrahman@koyauniversity.org).
I. INTRODUCTIONThe most important process in a bubble column is the formation of a gas at the sparger. The smaller the bubbles, the larger are the area for mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. Bubble swarm behavior in a bubble column is mainly determined by the gas superficial velocity (Heijnen and Riet [1]). Bubble size, bubble rise velocity, bubble size distribution, and liquid and bubble velocity profile have a direct bearing on the performance of bubble columns (Shah et al. [2]). Akita and Yoshida [3] determined the bubble size distribution using a photographic technique. The gas was sparger through perforated plates and single-orifice using various liquids (water, aqueous and pure glycol, methanol, carbon tetrachloride). Saxena A. C and Sexena S. C [4] studied the bubble size distribution in bubble column for the air-water system as a function of gas velocity at room temperature in the two bubble columns. High speed cinephotography and fiber optic probe techniques were used to measure bubble size. They suggest that the bubble size may be dependent on column diameter with smaller bubbles for narrower columns. The bubble size appears to be smaller at the column wall than at distance away from the wall. Gas holdup is one of the most important parameters characterizing the hydrodynamics of bubble columns. It can be defined as the percentage by volume of the gas in the two or three phases mixture in the column (Shah et al. [2]). The influence of gas velocity on gas holdup for alcohols aqueous solutions is reported by Posarac and Tekic [5]. They found that gas holdup value increase with increasing gas velocity and depend significantly on the type of alcohol added. Ruzicka et al. [6] studied experimentally the effect of the column size (height and diameter) on the stability of the homogeneous flow regime. The stability was expressed by...