Gas‐Liquid partition chromatography and ultraviolet absorption of oils before and after hydrogenation

Kauffman, F. L.; Weiss, T. J.; Lee, G. D.; Rockwood, B. N.

doi:10.1007/bf02631908

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

1961

DOI: 10.1007/bf02631908

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Gas‐Liquid partition chromatography and ultraviolet absorption of oils before and after hydrogenation

F. L. Kauffman

T. J. Weiss

G. D. Lee

et al.

Abstract: SummaryAnalyses of various natural fats and oils have been compared by G.L.P.C. and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Good agreement was found for linoleic acid in unhydrogenated samples. The ultraviolet method gave lower results for linolenic acid. For hydrogenated oils the ultraviolet method gave lower results for both linoleic and linolenic acids in most instances where an appreciable amount of these components was present.It is known that the ultraviolet method measures only the naturally occurring isomers of… Show more

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1966

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Cited by 5 publications

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Fatty acids, including polyenoic and trans components, and glycerides of Indian goat tallows

Rajagopal

Achaya

1964

J Sci Food Agric

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Average analysis of five Indian goat tallows by ester fractionation yielded (as mole-%) : myristic (4.3), palmitic ( 3 0 . 2 ) , stearic (23.8), arachidic (2.3), tetradecenoic (0.3), hexadecenoic (3.6), oleic (34.8), octadecadienoic (0.5) and C,,-,,-acids (0.2).Intensive solvent crystallisation, GS, determination and component acid analysis of one specimen showed GS, 30.3 ; GS,U 25.8 ; GSU, 41.5 and GU, 2.4 (mole-%). Major individual components (mole-%) were : palmitodistearin 14.4 ; dipalmitostearin 11.7 ; palmitostearoolein 18.4 ; stearodiolein 19.2 ; palmitodiolein 21.2 and triolein 2.4. Indian goat tallows resemble in glyceride structure a saturated specimen of a Western beef tallow rather than an Indian, which is high in GS,U.Polyene-and trans-acid contents, determined by appropriate concentration and spectrophotometry, were both low : non-conjugated diene 1.12, non-conjugated triene 0.21, conjugated diene 0.05, conjugated triene 0.02 and isolated trans-acid 5.5 (wt.-%).

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Fatty acids, including polyenoic and trans components, and glycerides of Indian goat tallows

Rajagopal

Achaya

1964

J Sci Food Agric

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Effect of unusual acids on selected seed oil analyses

Wolff

Miwa

1965

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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In the course of chemical compositional studies on seed oils from more than 2600 species of uncultivated plants, a number of new acids were isolated and structurally characterized at our laboratory. Also included in the studies were many fatty acids previously identified but not widely distributed or readily available. Oils containing unusual functional groups often gave unexpected responses to analytical procedures in frequent use. To exemplify the analytical results, data are presented relative to behavior of oils containing oxygenated fatty acids, cyclopropene rings, unusual types and positions of unsaturation, differing chain length, and sundry combinations of these, in the following procedures: Determinatio of polyunsaturated acids by ultraviolet spectrophotometry; iodine value versus refractive index plot to single out unusual oils; oxirane oxygen by HBr titration; gas‐liquid chromatography; infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; and lipoxidase assay. Preliminary experimentation on an automatic analytical hydrogenation apparatus indicates good potential, in its aplication to both usual and unusual oils, for a rapid determination of total unsaturation with acceptable accuracy and precision.

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Composition of corn oil

Beadle

Just

Morgan

et al. 1965

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The composition of commercial corn oil from USA corn is remarkably constant. A total of 103 samples of refined corn oil produced over a period of 2.5 years were analyzed by the alkali isomerization procedure. Nearly 86% of the samples had an iodine value (I.V.) within one unit of the average value, 123.6. Linoleic content on a fatty acid basis, averaged 55.5%; 93% of the values were within two units of this value. All samples contained small amts of linolenic acid. This uniformity undoubtedly results from the system of corn marketing and buying which brings grain from the entire corn belt to the processing plants. A number of corn oils were analyzed by GLC. The average linoleic acid content by this method was ca. 2.5 units higher than that found by the isomerization method. This difference may occur because GLC responds to all C‐18 dienes equally while the alkali isomerization method responds only to conjugatable dienes. Possible sources of error in both methods of fatty acid analysis are discussed. Corn oil samples taken over a 16‐month period were analyzed by GLC. Although much of our experience has been with the alkali isomerization method, the GLC technique is preferred because it is simpler and yields more information on fatty acid composition. Another important advantage is that determination of the I.V. of the oil serves as a check on GLC results. The I.V. calculated from the GLC results, making allowance for 1.25% unsaponifiables in the case of corn oil, should be within a few units of the Wijs value. Oils derived commercially from corns grown in other countries are generally more saturated than those from USA corn. The I.V. of the samples examined varied from 107舑125, the linoleic acid contents from 42舑56%. The relationship between I.V. and linoleic acid content established by others from hybrid corns holds fairly well for these samples.

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Gas‐Liquid partition chromatography and ultraviolet absorption of oils before and after hydrogenation

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Fatty acids, including polyenoic and trans components, and glycerides of Indian goat tallows

Fatty acids, including polyenoic and trans components, and glycerides of Indian goat tallows

Effect of unusual acids on selected seed oil analyses

Composition of corn oil

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