Gas Permeability Evaluation of Granulated Slag Particles Packed Bed during Softening and Melting Stage with Fanning’s Equation

Ohno, Ko Ichiro; Kitamura, Yoshiki; Sukenaga, Sohei; Natsui, Sungo; Maeda, Takayuki; Kunitomo, Kazuya

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2020-012

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A softening and melting simulator 2,10) can achieve to high speed temperature control over 1 000°C/min of sample packed bed by combination of infrared gold image furnace heating and dry-quenching chamber. Temperature distribution in a sample chamber, 30 mm inner diameter and 40 mm inner height, was confirmed within ± 5°C during radiation of infrared.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deformation and melting cause clogging a gas flow passes in iron burden's layer, and this severe situation for gas flow makes bigger gas pressure drop values. Especially, Ohno et al 2) indicated that an effective gas path shape in cohesive zone could be a dominant factor for stable gas flow. Natsui et al 3) estimated the gas pass structure using numerical simulation based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Pre-reduction Degree on Softening Behavior of Simulant Sinter Iron Ore

et al. 2020

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Reduction test under load is normally applied to evaluate softening and melting behaviour of ferrous burdens at simulated condition in cohesive zone in blast furnace. Outcomes from this test are very complex because they depend on reduction degree, chemical composition, basicity, melts physical property, etc. One of the reasons to make complex this test is sample for the test provided as particle packed bed. In order to comprehend softening and melting behaviour of cohesive zone, focus on behaviour of single particle as a component of particle packed bed in this study. For simplification, a pre-reduced simulant sinter iron ore was prepared as single tablet sample. The samples were made from mixture of reagent oxides and they were pre-reduced to control their reduction degree to several reduction levels. The tablet sample was rapidly heated up to 900°C, and then gradually heated up with 10°C/min under inert gas atmosphere and 0.1 MPa load. Shrinkage degree of the sample was measured during the softening and melting test, and quenched sample was made at certain temperature when the sample shows a characteristic tendency. Cross-sectioning observation of the quenched sample provided mineral phases distribution in the tablet sample. The observation indicated that peripheral structure has a significant effect on deformation resistance. Especially in there, existence of molten slag phase could make easy to deform the sample particle shape, and metallic solid Fe phase helped to strengthen the particle's deformation resistance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pre-reduction Degree on Softening Behavior of Simulant Sinter Iron Ore

et al. 2020

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“…In most transport phenomena analyses, the void space in the packed bed is assumed to have a continuous structure of circular tubes with various diameters in the flow direction. 16,35) The pressure drop, ΔP, per unit length, L, is equivalent to the energy loss due to the shear stress acting on the tube wall surface. The shear stress corresponds to the frictional force per unit surface area applied to the fluid on the tube wall surface.…”

Section: Void Morphology and Gas Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for Simulating Gas Permeability of a Coke Bed Including Fines Based on 3D Imaging on the Coke Particle Morphology

Natsui

Hirai

Terui³

et al. 2021

ISIJ Int.

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In ironmaking blast furnaces, the particle size distribution and voids in the coke bed affects the upward flow of gas, and consequently, the efficiency of the combustion reaction. To clarify the influence of coke pulverization on the packing structure of the coke bed, the permeability of the bed was evaluated using detailed dynamics simulation and geometric data analysis. To obtain detailed 3D morphology of the coke, we derived digital geometric data using rotational strength tests. Using the Euler-Lagrange coupling approach with the multisphere discrete-element method, the effect of the volume fraction of fines and distribution in the coke bed on the gas flow was analyzed. The void shape in the 3D coke bed structure was quantified using geometric data and simulated gas flow distributions. Although a continuous void network was observed in the packed bed before pulverization, areas of highly restricted (or no) gas flow were observed after pulverization. The dominant effect of coke degradation on the packed bed structure was the disruption of the gas flow path because of fines clogging the pores and narrowing the gas flow path. The developed simulation method can comprehensively analyze the effects of coke degradation on the gas flow distribution in the coke bed and can be used to analyze and control the instability of industrial blast furnaces.

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“…evaluated void distribution using computer tomography scanning and Fanning's equation, highlighting a strong relationship between the capillary force balance between molten slag and graphite and maximum pressure drop. [30] Mitra et. al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Granular Size Impact on Softening and Melting Behaviors of Sinters: From the Viewpoints of the Competition between <i>In-situ</i> Liquid Generation and Holdup

Ma,

Deng

et al. 2023

ISIJ Int.

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Unraveling the critical granular size in various chemical processes involving granular materials, such as blast furnace ironmaking process, holds significant importance in optimizing production efficiency. This study focuses on investigating the critical granular size by employing six monosized sinter packed beds, which are reduced at elevated temperature up to 1400°C. Quantitative analysis reveals two distinct behaviors, inconsistent shrinkages between 1200-1350°C and sizedependent rates of pressure drops approaching their maximum values. These results highlight the presence of a critical granular size between 2 mm and 4 mm under present experimental conditions. To elucidate these findings, a hypothesis based on the competition between the active role of liquid generation and the passive role of liquid holdup is proposed, and the strategies for utilizing the small particles below the critical size in binary-sized beds are given full discussions. This work aims to provide laboratory-scale experimental insights into the critical granular size effect and will shed light on exploring the critical granular size in industrial-scale processes involving granular materials in the future.

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Gas Permeability Evaluation of Granulated Slag Particles Packed Bed during Softening and Melting Stage with Fanning’s Equation

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Pre-reduction Degree on Softening Behavior of Simulant Sinter Iron Ore

Effect of Pre-reduction Degree on Softening Behavior of Simulant Sinter Iron Ore

Method for Simulating Gas Permeability of a Coke Bed Including Fines Based on 3D Imaging on the Coke Particle Morphology

Critical Granular Size Impact on Softening and Melting Behaviors of Sinters: From the Viewpoints of the Competition between <i>In-situ</i> Liquid Generation and Holdup

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