In recent years, polymers bearing
reactive groups have received
significant interest for biomedical applications. Numerous functional
polymer platforms have been introduced, which allow for the preparation
of materials with tailored properties via post-polymerization modifications.
However, because of their reactivity, many functional groups are not
compatible with the initial polymerization. The nitrile group is a
highly interesting and relatively inert functionality that has mainly
received attention in radical polymerizations. In this Article, a
nitrile-functionalized 2-oxazoline monomer (2-(4-nitrile-butyl)-2-oxazoline,
BuNiOx) is introduced, and its compatibility with the cationic ring-opening
polymerization is demonstrated. Subsequently, the versatility of nitrile-functionalized
poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) is presented. To this end, diverse (co)polymers
are synthesized and characterized by nuclear resonance spectroscopy,
size-exclusion chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Amphiphilic
block copolymers are shown to efficiently encapsulate the hydrophobic
drug curcumin (CUR) in aqueous solution, and the anti-inflammatory
effect of the CUR-containing nanostructures is presented in BV-2 microglia.
Furthermore, the availability of the BuNiOx repeating units for post-polymerization
modifications with hydroxylamine to yield amidoxime (AO)-functionalized
POx is demonstrated. These AO-containing POx were successfully applied
for the complexation of Fe(III) in a quantitative manner. In addition,
AO-functionalized POx were shown to release nitric oxide intracellularly
in BV-2 microglia. Thus nitrile-functionalized POx represent a promising
and robust platform for the design of polymer therapeutics for a wide
range of applications.