Gas reservoir characteristics of the Lower Gondwana Shales in Raniganj Basin of Eastern India

Nanoscale pore characteristics and fractal characteristics of organic-rich shale: An example from the lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Fenggang block in northern Guizhou Province, South China

“…The pore size is larger than the pores of organic matter and can reach micron level. The residual space of different hardness particles after compaction cementing is mostly polygonal, while the layered clay minerals, especially illite, illite/smectite mixed layer of interlayer pores are mostly linear (Mendhe et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2016). The intergranular pore size in Figure 9(d) is about 300–400 nm, larger than the previous organic pores.…”

Pore structures and fractal dimensions in Early Permian Barakar shales of Rajmahal Basin, Jharkhand, India

“…For the analysis, the studied shale cores were crushed and sieved (0.8-1.0-mm size). The prepared samples were kept in oven to dry at 105 ± 5 °C for 3 to 4 h. The samples were weighed and kept for degassing at about 300 °C for 1 to 2 h to remove impurities and the moisture content (Quantachrome, 2014;Mendhe et al, 2017aMendhe et al, , 2018a. After degassing, the cell + samples were again weighed and placed tightly in analysis station for further sorption analysis.…”

“…Nevertheless, efforts have been made by several researchers for the evaluation of Indian shale deposits to delineate the prospective areas and housed formations and estimate their hydrocarbon generation potentialities in regional and basinal scales (Sain et al, 2014;Hazra et al, 2015Hazra et al, , 2018aMendhe et al, 2017a;Mishra et al, 2018a;Mishra et al, 2021; and many more). Subsequently, substantial developments have also been made on the characterization of thick shaleassociated sequences in many basins of India, such as Barakar and Barren Measures Formations in Damodar Basin (Varma et al, 2015;Mendhe et al, 2017a), Kommugudem and Raghavapuram Shales in Krishna-Godavari Basin (Padhy et al, 2013), and Cambay Formation in Cambay Basin (Dayal et al, 2013;Hafiz et al, 2020). In India, the total estimated recoverable reserve is approximately 96 trillion cubic feet from several identified Basins (mainly Cambay, Damodar and Krishna -Godavari) containing > 300-m-thick organic rich shale (4-5% of organic content) (US EIA, 2015; Kumar, 2021).…”

Pyrolysis S2-peak characteristics of Raniganj shales (India) reflect complex combinations of kerogen kinetics and other processes related to different levels of thermal maturity

“…The Raniganj basin, a sub-basin of Damodar Valley basin, was the birthplace of the Indian coal industry, and its potential for shale-gas extraction is already well documented (Sain et al, 2014;Varma et al, 2015a). Previous works have described the organic matter richness, petrographic charac-teristics, mineralogy, high-pressure methane gas adsorption, matrix petroleum-retention properties, biomarkers, and organic geochemistry of this and other Indian Permian shale basins (Mani et al, 2014;Varma et al, 2014aVarma et al, , 2014bVarma et al, , 2014cVarma et al, , 2014dVarma et al, , 2015aVarma et al, , 2015bGanapathi, 2015a, 2015b;Hazra et al, 2015Hazra et al, , 2016Hazra et al, , 2018aHazra et al, , 2018bTewari et al, 2016;Mendhe et al, 2017Mendhe et al, , 2018. In this work, for the first time, Rock-Eval data for a range of shales with a wide-range of maturities is used to consider the kerogen kinetics of Permian shales from the Raniganj basin.…”