Gas Signatures from Cultured Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Obtained from Healthy Humans

Shin, Hye‐Won; Umber, Brandon J; Meinardi, Simone; Leu, Szu-Yun

doi:10.4172/2155-9929.1000112

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The bioreactors were then placed in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hrs. The headspace gases were collected after incubation and analyzed using a gas chromatographic system with multiple column/detector combinations [16–18]. Following sample collection, the bioreactor was disassembled and the cells were immediately collected and counted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas signatures from Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli‐inoculated human whole blood

Umber¹,

Shin

Meinardi³

et al. 2013

Clinical & Translational Med

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Background The gaseous headspace above naïve Escherichia Coli (E. coli) cultures and whole human blood inoculated with E. coli were collected and analyzed for the presence of trace gases that may have the potential to be used as novel, non‐invasive markers of infectious disease. Methods The naïve E. coli culture, LB broth, and human whole blood or E. coli inoculated whole blood were incubated in hermetically sealable glass bioreactors at 37°C for 24 hrs. LB broth and whole human blood were used as controls for background volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The headspace gases were collected after incubation and analyzed using a gas chromatographic system with multiple column/detector combinations. Results Six VOCs were observed to be produced by E. coli‐infected whole blood while there existed nearly zero to relatively negligible amounts of these gases in the whole blood alone, LB broth, or E. coli‐ inoculated LB broth. These VOCs included dimethyl sulfide (DMS), carbon disulfide (CS2), ethanol, acetaldehyde, methyl butanoate, and an unidentified gas S. In contrast, there were several VOCs significantly elevated in the headspace above the E. coli in LB broth, but not present in the E. coli/blood mixture. These VOCs included dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), methyl propanoate, 1‐propanol, methylcyclohexane, and unidentified gases R2 and Q. Conclusions This study demonstrates 1) that cultivated E. coli in LB broth produce distinct gas profiles, 2) for the first time, the ability to modify E. coli‐specific gas profiles by the addition of whole human blood, and 3) that E. coli‐human whole blood interactions present different gas emission profiles that have the potential to be used as non‐invasive volatile biomarkers of E. coli infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas signatures from Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli‐inoculated human whole blood

Umber¹,

Shin

Meinardi³

et al. 2013

Clinical & Translational Med

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“…Shin et al recently discovered that both promyelocytic cells and isolated neutrophils (but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells) emit acetaldehyde[42, 43], a gas speculated to mediate blood vessel relaxation via calcium channel modulation[44]. As PMNs circulate throughout the body and respond to chemotactic factors, they may produce high local concentrations of gases upon aggregation at specific locations.…”

Section: B Gases In the Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical potential of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes mellitus

Minh

Blake

Galassetti

2012

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

167

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“…Advanced glycation end products bind to RAGE receptors in greater concentrations in diabetics as opposed to healthy individuals. This increased binding has pro-inflammatory effects, increases pro-sclerotic and pro-fibrotic growth factors, and decreases bioavailability of nitric oxide leading to dysfunction in pulmonary arteries [23]. In addition, high levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and α-defensins, derived from circulating PMN’s, have been reported in diabetic patients [23;12].…”

Section: Exhaled Compounds In Healthy and Dysmetabolic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increased binding has pro-inflammatory effects, increases pro-sclerotic and pro-fibrotic growth factors, and decreases bioavailability of nitric oxide leading to dysfunction in pulmonary arteries [23]. In addition, high levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and α-defensins, derived from circulating PMN’s, have been reported in diabetic patients [23;12]. MPO exerts strong oxidative effects, and its excessive levels have been associated with chronic arterial disease; α-defensins also facilitate the development of atherosclerosis, and disrupt the barrier between capillaries and epithelial tissue in the lungs, thereby increasing the chances of lung injury [39;40].…”

Section: Exhaled Compounds In Healthy and Dysmetabolic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have been shown to produce acetaldehyide, hexanaldehyde and other gases (22;23); as these cells are often found sequestered in the lungs at high concentrations disease states, VOC transfer into exhaled breath is possible (24); altered VOC production by PMNs may be present in dysmetabolic states, including diabetes, becoming a potential marker of onset/progression of disease (25;26)…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring states of altered carbohydrate metabolism via breath analysis

Dowlaty¹,

Yoon²,

Galassetti³

2013

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review To introduce the potential of breath analysis as a potential diagnostic or monitoring tool in diabetes. . Recent findings Blood testing for plasma glucose and other metabolic variables is the base for the diagnosis and management of diabetes, whose two main types (type 1 and type 2, T1DM, T2DM) are projected to affect 450 million by 2030. As blood testing is often uncomfortable, painful, costly, and in some situations unreliable, the quest for alternative, non invasive methods has been ongoing for decades. Breath analysis has emerged as an ideal alternative as sample collection is easy, painless, flexible, non-invasive, practical, and inexpensive. No single exhaled gas can reflect systemic glucose concentrations. Multiple gases, however, have been linked to various aspects of glucose metabolism, and integrated analysis of their simultaneous profiles during prolonged glycemic fluctuations has yielded accurate predictions of plasma values, building expectation that clinically usable breath-based glucometer may be developed within a few years. Summary While prototypes of hand-held breath testing glucometers may still be several years away, current research shows the imminent promise of this methodology, and the widening support for its development.

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Gas Signatures from Cultured Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Obtained from Healthy Humans

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Gas signatures from Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli‐inoculated human whole blood

Gas signatures from Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli‐inoculated human whole blood

The clinical potential of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes mellitus

Monitoring states of altered carbohydrate metabolism via breath analysis

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