Gas Storage Caverns in East Yorkshire Zechstein Salt: Some Geological and Engineering Aspects of Site Selection

Knott, Lain; Cross, Kristin

doi:10.2118/24923-ms

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…at wells 36/23-1, 41/10-1, 42/09-1, 43/06-1, 44/06-1 and 44/07-1). In the UK onshore, basinal polyhalites are recorded in the Great Hatfield 1 well (location shown in Knott and Cross, 1992), 4 km north of West Newton oil field (Quirk and Archer, 2022). The seismic response of these basinal polyhalites in the Stassfurt Halite connects with the shelf polyhalites which are slightly higher in the section, and form a distinctive wing-like geometry at the slope adjacent to the margins of the platform.…”

Section: Basin Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology, Palaeogeography and Diagenesis of the Upper Permian (Z2) Hauptdolomit Formation on the Southern Margin of the Mid North Sea High and Implications for Reservoir Prospectivity

Garland

Tiltman

Inglis

2023

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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This paper provides an updated understanding of the reservoir stratigraphy, sedimentology, palaeogeography and diagenesis of the Upper Permian Hauptdolomit Formation of the Zechstein Supergroup ("Hauptdolomit") in a study area on the southern margin of the Mid North Sea High. The paper is based on the examination and description of core and cuttings data from 25 wells which were integrated with observations based on existing and new 3D seismic.Based on thin-section petrography of cuttings and core from the wells studied, it is evident that Hauptdolomit microfacies are distributed in a relatively predictable way, and well-defined platform interior, platform margin, slope and basin settings can be distinguished. Platform margins are typically characterised by the development of ooid shoals and, to a lesser-extent, by microbial build-ups. High-energy back-shoal settings are characterised by a more complex combination of peloid grainstones, thrombolitic and microbial build-ups, and fine crystalline dolomites. Lower energy lagoons which developed further behind the platform margin are characterised by a variety of microfacies types; fine crystalline dolomites are common in this setting as well as peloidal facies and local microbial build-ups. Intertidal and supratidal settings are typified by increased proportions of anhydrite and the development of laminated microbial bindstones (stromatolites). Platform margins are in general relatively steep and pass into slope and basinal settings. Only a few wells have penetrated Hauptdolomit successions deposited in a slope setting, and these successions are characterised by a range of resedimented shallow-water facies together with low-energy laminated dolomicrites and fine crystalline dolomites. Slope zones in the study area are interpreted from seismic data to be typically 1-1.5 km in width. Basinal Hauptdolomit deposits have been strongly affected by post-depositional diagenesis and are dedolomitised to variable degrees. The original depositional facies are rarely preserved.Diagenetic studies show that dolomitisation has affected almost the entire Hauptdolomit Formation throughout the study area in both basinal and platform settings. The dolomite is considered to result from seepage-reflux processes and is an early diagenetic phase. Mouldic porosity is present in many facies types as a result of dissolution, especially in ooid grainstones,

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Section: Basin Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology, Palaeogeography and Diagenesis of the Upper Permian (Z2) Hauptdolomit Formation on the Southern Margin of the Mid North Sea High and Implications for Reservoir Prospectivity

Garland

Tiltman

Inglis

2023

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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Exergy storage of compressed air in cavern and cavern volume estimation of the large-scale compressed air energy storage system

Luo

Evans

et al. 2017

Applied Energy

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A review of underground fuel storage events and putting risk into perspective with other areas of the energy supply chain

Evans

2009

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The UK became a net importer of gas during 2004 and faces an increasing dependency on imports, yet has very little gas storage capacity. The UKs capacity to import, transport and store gas and liquid natural gas (LNG) has to be improved, requiring greater investment in new gas supply infrastructure. Construction of appropriately sited onshore underground gas storage (UGS) facilities is needed. However, local groups oppose most proposed UGS sites on the grounds of safety, citing the dangers of gas migration and rare fatal events, mostly in America.This paper summarizes 228 reported events of widely varying cause, nature and severity at underground fuel storage (UFS) facilities; the majority at USA SPR facilities. Since UGS was first undertaken in 1915, reports of 13 fatalities, around 72 injured and the evacuation of at least 6700 people are found at UFS sites. Some communities have experienced multiple evacuations. In the context of the danger posed to the general public, three of those killed were staff at two UFS facilities. UGS (including LPG) has led to 10 civilian deaths, 25 injured and c. 1250 evacuated.In other areas of the energy supply chain, casualties are orders of magnitude greater, with at least 1525 dead, 6826 injured and the evacuation of over 7000 at incidents involving above ground fuel storage tanks since 1951. When considering UK UGS applications, the risk of UGS and wider UFS experiences should be put into context. Worldwide, over 90 years experience in UGS now exists, with around 630 facilities of different types currently operational. Technologies used are often those of, or derived from, a well-regulated oil and gas exploration industry. In contrast to public perception, industry and academia recognize that UGS has an excellent health, safety and environmental record. Although it should not be claimed that gas will never be found outside the intended well or storage facility area, UFS casualty figures appear to corroborate claims by supporters of the technologies that salt caverns provide one of the safest answers to the problem of storing large amounts of hydrocarbons and that even in urban areas underground gas storage, oil and gas production can be conducted safely if proper procedures are followed. If gas is found outside the intended system, then after recognition of the problem, mitigation and safe operating procedures can and have been developed.

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Gas Storage Caverns in East Yorkshire Zechstein Salt: Some Geological and Engineering Aspects of Site Selection

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Sedimentology, Palaeogeography and Diagenesis of the Upper Permian (Z2) Hauptdolomit Formation on the Southern Margin of the Mid North Sea High and Implications for Reservoir Prospectivity

Sedimentology, Palaeogeography and Diagenesis of the Upper Permian (Z2) Hauptdolomit Formation on the Southern Margin of the Mid North Sea High and Implications for Reservoir Prospectivity

Exergy storage of compressed air in cavern and cavern volume estimation of the large-scale compressed air energy storage system

A review of underground fuel storage events and putting risk into perspective with other areas of the energy supply chain

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